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HISTORICAL/ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES REPORT
BAKER INDUSTRIAL PROJECT
City of Lake Elsinore
Riverside County, California
For Submittal to:
Community Development Department, Planning Division
City of Lake Elsinore
130 South Main Street
Lake Elsinore, CA 92530
Prepared for:
EPD Solutions
3333 Michelson Drive, Suite 500
Irvine, California 92612
Prepared by:
CRM TECH
1016 East Cooley Drive, Suite A/B
Colton, CA 92324
Bai “Tom” Tang, Principal Investigator
Michael Hogan, Principal Investigator
January 18, 2024
CRM TECH Project No. 4051A
Title: Historical/Archaeological Resources Report: Baker Industrial Project, City
of Lake Elsinore, Riverside County, California
Author(s): Bai “Tom” Tang, Principal Investigator/Historian
Deirdre Encarnación, Archaeologist/Report Writer
Daniel Ballester, Archaeologist/Field Director
Hunter O’Donnell, Archaeologist
Consulting Firm: CRM TECH
1016 East Cooley Drive, Suite A/B
Colton, CA 92324
(909) 824-6400
Date: January 18, 2024
For Submittal to: Community Development Department, Planning Division
City of Lake Elsinore
130 South Main Street
Lake Elsinore, CA 92530
(951) 674-3124
Prepared for: Dane Palanjian
EPD Solutions
3333 Michelson Drive, Suite 500
Irvine, California 92612
(949) 794-1188
USGS Quadrangle: Lake Elsinore, Calif., 7.5’ quadrangle; Rancho La Laguna (Stearns) land
grant, T5S R5W, San Bernardino Baseline and Meridian
Project Size: Approximately 98 acres
Resources: Site 33-003832: remains of the Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railway
Temescal Valley line; Site 33-015349: prospecting trenches; Isolate 33-
023880: prehistoric lithic flake
Keywords: Southwestern Riverside County; Phase I historical/archaeological resources
survey; Assessor Parcel Numbers 378-020-014 to -016, -028 to -031, -036,
-037, and -048; no “historical resources” under CEQA
i
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Between October 2023 and January 2024, at the request of EPD Solutions, CRM TECH performed a
cultural resources study on approximately 98 acres of rural land on the northern outskirts of the City
of Lake Elsinore, Riverside County, California. The subject property of the study is located near the
intersections among Nichols Road, Pierce Street, and Baker Street, within Sections 25 and 26 of
Township 5 South, Range 5 West, San Bernardino Baseline and Meridian, and a portion of the Rancho
La Laguna (Stearns) land grant, as depicted in the United States Geological Survey Lake Elsinore,
California, 7.5’ quadrangle.
The study is part of the environmental review process for the proposed construction of two industrial
warehouses on ten parcels located to the south of the intersection of Baker Street and Pierce Street,
which will also require off-site infrastructure improvements. The City of Lake Elsinore, as the lead
agency for the project, required the study in compliance with the California Environmental Quality
Act (CEQA). The purpose of the study is to provide the City with the necessary information and
analysis to determine whether the proposed project would cause substantial adverse changes to any
“historical resources,” as defined by CEQA, that may exist in the project area.
To identify such resources, CRM TECH conducted a historical/archaeological resources records
search, Native American consultation, historical background research, and an intensive-level field
survey. The results of these research procedures indicate that an isolate (i.e., a locality with fewer than
three artifacts) of prehistoric (i.e., Native American) origin and two archaeological sites from the
historic period were previously recorded as lying within or partially within the project boundaries.
These resources have been designated Site 33-003832, Site 33-015349, and Isolate 33-023880 in the
California Historical Resources Inventory.
During the field survey, no cultural remains were found at or near the reported location of the isolate,
a single lithic flake found in a trench along Pierce Street in 2013. Similarly, no archaeological features
or artifacts associated with Site 33-015349, recorded in 2006 as a group of four prospecting trenches
dating to the late 19th or early 20th century, were encountered in the small portion of the site that
overlaps the project area along the Nichols Road right-of-way. Site 33-003832 represents the remains
of the dismantled Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railway Temescal Valley line between Lake
Elsinore and Corona. A segment of the rail line, originally built in 1896 and removed in the 1970s,
once extended along and across the segment of Nichols Road in the project area. The field survey
reveals that while the abandoned railroad grade still survives outside the project boundary, the portions
that crossed into the project area no longer exist. Site 33-003832 was previously determined not to
meet CEQA definition of a “historical resource” due to the loss of historic integrity. Based on field
observations, the present study concurs with that evaluation regarding the portion of the site within
and adjacent to the project boundaries.
No other potential “historical resources” were identified within the project area. Therefore, pursuant
to PRC §21084.1, CRM TECH recommends to the City of Lake Elsinore a finding of No Impact
regarding “historical resources.” No further cultural resources investigation is recommended for the
project unless development plans undergo such changes as to include areas not covered by this study.
However, if buried cultural materials are discovered during earth-moving operations associated with
the project, all work in that area should be halted or diverted until a qualified archaeologist can evaluate
the nature and significance of the finds.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................... i
INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................ 1
SETTING .............................................................................................................................................. 4
Current Natural Setting ..................................................................................................................... 4
Cultural Setting ................................................................................................................................. 5
Prehistoric Context........................................................................................................................ 5
Ethnohistoric Context ................................................................................................................... 6
Historic Context ............................................................................................................................ 7
RESEARCH METHODS ..................................................................................................................... 8
Records Search.................................................................................................................................. 8
Native American Participation .......................................................................................................... 8
Historical Research ........................................................................................................................... 8
Field Survey ...................................................................................................................................... 9
RESULTS AND FINDINGS ................................................................................................................ 9
Records Search.................................................................................................................................. 9
Native American Participation ........................................................................................................ 11
Historical Research ......................................................................................................................... 13
Field Survey .................................................................................................................................... 15
MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS ............................................................................................ 15
Applicable Statutory/Regulatory Framework ................................................................................. 15
Discussion ....................................................................................................................................... 16
Conclusion and Recommendations ................................................................................................. 16
REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................... 17
APPENDIX 1: Personnel Qualifications ............................................................................................ 20
APPENDIX 2: Native American Responses ...................................................................................... 25
APPENDIX 3: Cultural Resources Identified within the Project Area .............................................. 31
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Project vicinity....................................................................................................................... 1
Figure 2. Project area ............................................................................................................................ 2
Figure 3. Aerial view of the project area .............................................................................................. 3
Figure 4. Typical landscape at the main project site ............................................................................. 4
Figure 5. Previous cultural resources studies ...................................................................................... 10
Figure 6. The project area and vicinity in 1853-1880 ......................................................................... 14
Figure 7. The project area and vicinity in 1897-1898 ......................................................................... 14
Figure 8. The project area and vicinity in 1939 .................................................................................. 14
Figure 9. The project area and vicinity in 1951 .................................................................................. 14
1
INTRODUCTION
Between October 2023 and January 2024, at the request of EPD Solutions, CRM TECH performed a
cultural resources study on approximately 98 acres of rural land on the northern outskirts of the City
of Lake Elsinore, Riverside County, California (Fig. 1). The subject property of the study is located
near the intersections among Nichols Road, Pierce Street, and Baker Street, within Sections 25 and
26 of Township 5 South, Range 5 West, San Bernardino Baseline and Meridian, and a portion of the
Rancho La Laguna (Stearns) land grant, as depicted in the United States Geological Survey (USGS)
Lake Elsinore, California, 7.5’ quadrangle (Figs. 2, 3).
The study is part of the environmental review process for the proposed construction of two industrial
warehouses on ten parcels located to the south of the intersection of Baker Street and Pierce Street,
which will also require off-site infrastructure improvements. The City of Lake Elsinore, as the lead
agency for the project, required the study in compliance with the California Environmental Quality
Act (CEQA). The purpose of the study is to provide the City with the necessary information and
analysis to determine whether the proposed project would cause substantial adverse changes to any
“historical resources,” as defined by CEQA, that may exist in the project area.
To identify such resources, CRM TECH conducted a historical/archaeological resources records
search, Native American consultation, historical background research, and an intensive-level field
survey. The following report is a complete account of the methods, results, and conclusion of the
study. Personnel who participated in these research procedures are named in the appropriate sections
below, and their qualifications are provided in Appendix 1.
Figure 1. Project vicinity. (Based on USGS Santa Ana, Calif., 120’x60’ quadrangle [USGS 1979])
2
Figure 2. Project area. (Based on USGS Alberhill and Lake Elsinore, Calif., 7.5’ quadrangles [USGS 1997a; 1997b])
3
Figure 3. Satellite view of the project area. (Based on Google Earth imagery.)
4
SETTING
CURRENT NATURAL SETTING
The project area lies in the Perris block of the Peninsular Ranges batholith, in a relatively stable area
between the Elsinore Fault Zone on the west and the San Jacinto Fault Zone on the east, though both
fault zones are seismically active. Regionally, the natural landscape features broad inland valleys
divided by groups of rolling hills and rocky knolls, and the climate is temperate and Mediterranean
in character, with seasonal average temperatures ranging between 35 and 90 degrees Fahrenheit.
Rainfall is typically less than 20 inches annually, most of which occurs between November and
March.
The project area consists of approximately 98 acres of vacant land and public road rights-of-way in a
rural setting near the Elsinore Hills. It is irregular in shape and lies generally to the south of Nichols
Road, a local thoroughfare. The main project site for the warehouse construction (Fig. 4) is located
to the south of the intersection of Pierce Street and Baker Street, both of them unpaved dirt roads,
while three discontinuous components of the project area are located to the east of the intersection
(Figs. 2, 3). Elevations within the project area range approximately between 1,260 feet and 1,400
feet above mean sea level, inclining gradually to the north and the southwest with the lowest
elevations in the central portion.
Figure 4. Typical landscape at the main project site. (Photograph taken on November 3, 2023; view to the southwest)
5
The ground surface in much of the project area has been disturbed by past agricultural operations
and construction activities associated with Nichols Road and several residences formerly within the
project boundaries. A clay mine was formerly located in the hills to the northeast, and scattered
modern refuse was observed throughout. Soils in the vicinity include medium-grained silty clay with
small rocks within the former agricultural fields and medium- to fine-grained silty clay within the
area of the former clay mine. Native vegetation is of the Coastal Sage Brush Community and
includes California sagebrush, buckwheat, black sage, white sage, lilac, datura, and chollas as well
as introduced weeds and landscaping plants such as tumbleweed and eucalyptus (Fig. 4).
CULTURAL SETTING
Prehistoric Context
The earliest evidence of human occupation in western Riverside County was discovered below the
surface of an alluvial fan in the northern portion of the Lakeview Mountains, overlooking the San
Jacinto Valley, with radiocarbon dates clustering around 9,500 B.P. (Horne and McDougall 2008).
Another site found near the shoreline of Lake Elsinore, close to the confluence of Temescal Wash
and the San Jacinto River, yielded radiocarbon dates between 8,000 and 9,000 B.P. (Grenda 1997).
Additional sites with isolated Archaic dart points, bifaces, and other associated lithic artifacts from
the same age range have been found in the nearby Cajon Pass area of San Bernardino County,
typically atop knolls with good viewsheds (Basgall and True 1985; Goodman and McDonald 2001;
Goodman 2002; Milburn et al. 2008).
The cultural history of southern California has been summarized into numerous chronologies,
including those developed by Chartkoff and Chartkoff (1984), Warren (1984), and others.
Specifically, the prehistory of western Riverside County has been addressed by O’Connell et al.
(1974), McDonald et al. (1987), Keller and McCarthy (1989), Grenda (1993), Goldberg (2001), and
Horne and McDougall (2008). Although the beginning and ending dates of different cultural
horizons vary regionally, the general framework of the prehistory of western Riverside County can
be broken into three primary periods:
• Paleoindian Period (ca. 18,000-9,000 B.P.): Native peoples of this period created fluted
spearhead bases designed to be hafted to wooden shafts. The distinctive method of thinning
bifaces and spearhead preforms by removing long, linear flakes leaves diagnostic Paleoindian
markers at tool-making sites. Other artifacts associated with the Paleoindian toolkit include
choppers, cutting tools, retouched flakes, and perforators. Sites from this period are very sparse
across the landscape and most are deeply buried.
• Archaic Period (ca. 9,000-1,500 B.P.): Archaic sites are characterized by abundant lithic scatters
of considerable size with many biface thinning flakes, bifacial preforms broken during
manufacture, and well-made groundstone bowls and basin metates. As a consequence of making
dart points, many biface thinning waste flakes were generated at individual production stations,
which is a diagnostic feature of Archaic sites.
• Late Prehistoric Period (ca. 1,500 B.P.-contact): Sites from this period typically contain small
lithic scatters from the manufacture of small arrow points, expedient groundstone tools such as
tabular metates and unshaped manos, wooden mortars with stone pestles, acorn or mesquite bean
granaries, ceramic vessels, shell beads suggestive of extensive trading networks, and steatite
implements such as pipes and arrow shaft straighteners.
6
Ethnohistoric Context
The Lake Elsinore area has long been a part of the traditional territory of the Luiseño, a Takic-
speaking people whose territory extended from present-day Riverside to Escondido and Oceanside,
with the nearby Temecula Valley at its geographical center. According to most schemes, the area
belonged to the Late Prehistoric San Luis Rey Complex, which has been equated with the Luiseño
(True 1966). The San Luis Rey Complex has been divided into San Luis Rey I and San Luis Rey II,
dating to 1400-1750 and 1750-1850 A.D., respectively, overlapping the Protohistoric and early
Historic Periods. The leading anthropological scholarship on Luiseño culture and history includes
Kroeber (1925), Strong (1929), and Bean and Shipek (1978). The following ethnohistoric discussion
is based primarily on these sources.
The name Luiseño derived from Mission San Luis Rey, which held jurisdiction over most of the
Luiseño territory during the Mission Period. Prior to European contact, the Luiseño may have been
known as Puyumkowitchum, or “Western people.” Luiseño history, as recorded in traditional songs,
tells the creation story from the birth of the first people, the kaamalam, to the sickness, death, and
cremation of Wiyoot, the most powerful and wise one, at Lake Elsinore. The Luiseño society was
based on autonomous lineages or kin groups, which represented the basic political unit among most
southern California Indians. Each Luiseño lineage possessed a permanent base camp, or village, on
the valley floor and another in the mountain regions for acorn collection. Luiseño villages were
made up of family members and relatives, usually located in sheltered canyons or near year-round
sources of water, always in proximity to subsistence resources.
Luiseño subsistence was defined by the surrounding landscape, exploiting nearly all of the resources
available in a highly developed seasonal mobility system, including cultivating and gathering wild
plants, fishing, and hunting. They collected seeds, roots, wild berries, acorns, wild grapes,
strawberries, wild onions, and prickly pear cacti, and hunted deer, elks, antelopes, rabbits, wood rats,
and a variety of insects. Bows and arrows, rabbit sticks, traps, nets, clubs, and slings were the main
hunting tools. Each lineage had exclusive hunting and gathering rights in their procurement ranges.
These boundaries were respected and only crossed with permission.
As the landscape defined their subsistence practices, the tending and cultivation practices of the
Luiseño helped shape the landscape. The practice of controlled burning of chaparral and oak
woodland areas created an open countryside with more accessible foraging material for animals,
which in turn led to more successful hunting. It also increased the ease with which plant foods could
be gathered and prevented out-of-control wildfires by eliminating dead undergrowth before it
accumulated to dangerous levels. Coppicing, or trimming plants to the ground, resulted in straighter
growth for basketry and arrow-making materials. Granitic outcroppings were used for pounding and
grinding nuts and seeds, which left their mark in the resulting bedrock milling features, the most
common archaeological remains found in the region.
It is estimated that when Spanish colonization of Alta California began in 1769, the Luiseño had
approximately 50 active villages with an average population of 200 each, although other estimates
place the total Luiseño population at 4,000-5,000 (Bean and Shipek 1978:557). Some of the villages
were forcefully moved to the Spanish missions, while others were largely left intact. Ultimately,
7
Luiseño population declined rapidly after European contact because of harsh living conditions at the
missions and, later, on the Mexican ranchos, where the Native people often worked as seasonal
ranch hands, as well as diseases such as smallpox.
After the American annexation of Alta California, the large number of non-Native settlers further
eroded the foundation of traditional Luiseño society. During the latter half of the 19th century,
almost all of the remaining Luiseño villages were displaced, their occupants eventually removed to
the various reservations including Soboba, Pechanga, and Pala. Currently, language and ceremonies
are being revitalized, and some groups have taken to using ethnographic terms such as
Puyumkowitchum to refer to themselves.
Historic Context
After the beginning of Spanish colonization of Alta California, what is today the southwestern
portion of Riverside County, consisting of Temescal, Elsinore, and Temecula Valleys, became the
first region in the county to be settled by non-Indians. In 1818-1819, Leandro José Serrano, a
Spanish soldier from San Diego, established a cattle ranch in the Temescal Valley under a temporary
occupancy and grazing permit issued by Mission San Luis Rey (Jennings et al. 1993:91). Around the
same time, with the Temecula Valley growing into Mission San Luis Rey’s principal grain producer,
the mission fathers established a granary, a chapel, and a residence for the majordomo at the Luiseño
village of Temeeku, near present-day Temecula (Hudson 1989:19).
Beginning in 1834, during secularization of the mission system, former mission ranchos throughout
Alta California were surrendered to the Mexican government, and subsequently divided and granted
to various prominent citizens in the province. The project location lies mostly within the boundaries
of the Rancho La Laguna, which was originally granted to Julian Manriquez in 1844 but is best
remembered today in association with its second and third owners, Abel Stearns and the Augustin
Machado family, who held the 13,338.8-acre rancho between 1852 and 1873 (Gunther 1984:281).
As elsewhere in Alta California, cattle raising was the most prevalent economic activity on this and
other nearby ranchos, until the influx of American settlers eventually brought an end to this now-
romanticized lifestyle in the second half of the 19th century.
In 1883, at the height of the great southern California land boom of the 1880s, Franklin H. Heald,
Donald M. Graham, and William Collier purchased 12,832 acres of Rancho La Laguna land, on
which they laid out the townsite of Elsinore (Gunther 1984:178). Three years later, the town’s
founders began advertising the healing properties of “medicine water” from the abundant hot sulphur
springs in the area (ibid.:143). With bath houses and related businesses springing up in and around
the new colony, Elsinore soon became known as a resort town, a reputation that fueled the growth of
the community for much of the 20th century.
The town was incorporated in 1888, in what was then San Diego County. By the mid-20th century,
due to changing trends in the American lifestyle, the mineral bath industry gradually went into
decline, and the lake went completely dry for years during the 1950s. Elsinore elected California’s
first African-American mayor, Thomas R. Yarborough, in 1964, and the City voted to change its
name from Elsinore to Lake Elsinore in 1972 to better promote its recreational facilities. Since the
early 1980s, the City of Lake Elsinore has experienced rapid growth in residential development and,
8
like many other communities in southwestern Riverside County, has begun to take on more and
more the characteristics of a “bedroom community” in support of the fast-growing industries in
nearby Orange County and the Temecula area. As of 2020, the City had grown to cover 38.3 square
miles with a population of over 70,000 (USCB n.d.).
RESEARCH METHODS
RECORDS SEARCH
CRM TECH archaeologist Nina Gallardo conducted the historical/archaeological resources records
search for this study at the Eastern Information Center (EIC) of the California Historical Resources
Information System on October 2 and 10, 2023. Located on the campus of University of California,
Riverside, the EIC is the State of California’s official cultural resource records repository for the
County of Riverside. During the records search, Gallardo examined the center’s digital maps,
records, and databases for previously identified cultural resources and existing cultural resources
reports within a one-mile radius of the project area. Previously identified cultural resources include
properties designated as California Historical Landmarks, Points of Historical Interest, or Riverside
County Landmarks, as well as those listed in the National Register of Historic Places, the California
Register of Historical Resources, or the California Historical Resources Inventory.
NATIVE AMERICAN PARTICIPATION
On September 14, 2023, CRM TECH submitted a written request to the State of California Native
American Heritage Commission (NAHC) for a records search in the commission’s Sacred Lands
File (SLF; see Appendix 2). The NAHC is the State of California’s trustee agency for the protection
of “tribal cultural resources,” as defined by California Public Resources Code §21074, and is tasked
with identifying and cataloging properties of Native American cultural value. In addition to the
NAHC, CRM TECH also contacted the nearest local Native American groups, namely the Pechanga
Band of Indians and the Soboba Band of Luiseño Indians, in writing between September 14 and
December 5, 2023, for further information on potential Native American cultural resources in the
project vicinity and to arrange for tribal participation in the upcoming archaeological field survey.
Responses from the NAHC and the tribes are summarized in the sections below and attached to this
report in Appendix 2.
HISTORICAL RESEARCH
Historical background research for this study was conducted by CRM TECH principal investigator/
historian Bai “Tom” Tang and project archaeologist Deirdre Encarnación. Sources consulted during
the research included published literature in local and regional history, historical maps of the Lake
Elsinore area, and aerial/satellite photographs of the project vicinity. Among the maps consulted
were U.S. General Land Office (GLO) land survey plat maps dated 1880 and USGS topographic
maps dated 1901-1997, which are accessible at the websites of the U.S. Bureau of Land
Management and the USGS. The aerial and satellite photographs, taken between 1967 and 2023, are
available at the Nationwide Environmental Title Research (NETR) Online website and through the
Google Earth software.
9
FIELD SURVEY
The intensive-level field survey was conducted in two phases, as dictated by the addition of
approximately 30 acres to the project area after the initial survey due to the proposed off-site
infrastructure improvements. On November 3, 2023, CRM TECH archaeologists Hunter O’Donnell
and Nicolena Berra carried out the survey of the main project site with the assistance of Native
American monitors George Vargas from the Pechanga Band and Arthur Lopez, Jr., from the Soboba
Band. The survey was completed by walking a series of parallel northeast-southwest transects
spaced 15 meters (approximately 50 feet) apart. Ground visibility was generally poor (5-10%) over
the property due to dense vegetation except where past development disturbances, vehicular
intrusions, or recent soil testing had cleared the vegetation and/or prevented vegetation growth.
The survey of the additional 30 acres was performed on December 6, 2023, by CRM TECH field
director Daniel Ballester and project archaeologist Salvadore Z. Boites with the assistance of
Pechanga monitor Santee Morrufo. This part of the survey was conducted along parallel transects at
5- to 10-meter (approximately 15- to 30-foot) intervals. Again, visibility of the native ground surface
was poor (5-10%) over most of the acreage due to the presence of dense vegetation as well as
pavement along Nichols Road. In this way, the ground surface in the entire project area was
systematically and carefully examined for any evidence of human activities dating to the prehistoric
or historic period (i.e., 50 years ago or older). In light of past ground disturbances in the project area,
the reduced ground visibility was not considered a significant hindrance to the survey efforts.
RESULTS AND FINDINGS
RECORDS SEARCH
According to EIC records, at least seven cultural resource surveys completed between 1996 and
2013 covered portions of the current project area, primarily on the northwestern end, but the project
area as a whole had not been surveyed systematically prior to this study (Fig. 5). As a result of the
previous studies, three cultural resources were recorded as lying within or partially within the project
boundaries, including an isolate (i.e., a locality with fewer than three artifacts) of prehistoric (i.e.,
Native American) origin and two archaeological sites from the historic period. These resources have
been designated Site 33-003832, Site 33-015349, and Isolate 33-023880 in the California Historical
Resources Inventory.
Originally recorded in 1990 and expanded or updated several times since then, Site 33-003832 now
comprises the entire route of the now-dismantled Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe (ATSF) Railway
line through the Temescal Valley between Corona and Lake Elsinore, approximately 22 miles in
total length, as well as related features such as remains of power poles and a service road used
during the construction and maintenance of the railroad (see App. 3 for further information). A
segment of the rail line, built in 1896 and removed in the 1970s, once extended along and across the
segment of Nichols Road in the project area (see App. 3). During two studies in 1995 and 1998,
CRM TECH evaluated its historical significance and concluded that Site 33-003832, while
representing the remains of a locally important transportation artery, nevertheless did not appear
eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places or the California Register of Historical
10
Figure 5. Previous cultural resources studies in the vicinity of the project area, listed by EIC file number. Locations of
historical/archaeological sites are not shown as a protective measure.
11
Resources due to the loss of historic integrity through the removal of all integral features of railroad
operations, such as the tracks, ties, and signal system (Love and Tang 1995; 1998).
Site 33-015349 was recorded in 2006 as a group of four prospecting trenches dating to the late 19th
or early 20th century (see App. 3 for further information). The trenches were accompanied by
associated soil berms and artifacts, such as railroad spikes and fishplates, and were evidently
excavated in search for mineral and/or clay deposits. A small portion of the site overlaps the current
project area along the Nichols Road right-of-way (see App. 3). The prehistoric isolate, 33-023880,
represents the location of a single lithic flake found in a trench along Pierce Street, in the northeast
portion of the project area, in 2013 (see App. 3 for further information).
In addition to these three known cultural resources within or partially within the project boundaries,
EIC files identified another historic-period site, 33-017022, that was recorded outside but adjacent to
the project boundary. Located on the opposite side of Baker Street from the main project site, the site
consisted of structural foundations, landscaping, and a driveway associated with a residence
constructed around 1950 (Craft 2007). To the north of Nichols Road, also adjacent to the project
boundaries, CRM TECH recorded one additional site from the historic period during a recent survey
and recorded it under the temporary designation of 3792-5H, pending assignment of a permanent
number in the California Historical Resources Inventory by the EIC. That site consisted of the
remains of a coal and clay mining facility in operation from circa 1887 to the 1970s (O’Donnell
2022).
Within the one-mile scope of the records search, EIC records list more than 40 previous studies
conducted between 1978 and 2018 on various tracts of land and linear features (Fig. 5). These and
other similar studies in the vicinity resulted in the identification of 42 additional historical/
archaeological sites and isolates within the records search scope, as listed in Table 1. Eight of these
sites and eight of the isolates were prehistoric in nature, consisting predominantly of scattered
artifacts, especially lithic tools and flakes and groundstone pieces, such as metates and manos. The
other 26 resources dated to the historic period and included structural remains, refuse scatters,
buildings, a mining site, and a single isolate consisting of a sun-colored amethyst glass bottle collar.
The majority of the historic-period sites are buildings constructed between circa 1900 and 1959.
None of these additional sites or isolates was found in the immediate vicinity of the project area, and
thus none of them requires further consideration during this study.
NATIVE AMERICAN PARTICIPATION
In response to CRM TECH’s inquiry, the NAHC states in a letter dated November 9, 2023, that the
Sacred Lands File identified unspecified Native American cultural resource(s) in the project vicinity.
The commission recommended that the Pechanga Band of Indians and other local Native American
groups be consulted for further information and provided a referral list of 34 individuals associated
with 18 local tribes who may have knowledge of such resources (see App. 2). The NAHC’s reply is
attached in Appendix 2 for reference by the City of Lake Elsinore in future government-to-
government consultations with the pertinent tribal groups, if necessary.
As stated above, the Pechanga Band of Indians and the nearby Soboba Band of Luiseño Indians were
contacted during this study, and both tribes participated in the archaeological fieldwork. While the
12
Table 1. Previously Recorded Cultural Resources within the Scope of the Records Search
Site No. Primary No. Description
33-000659 CA-RIV-659 Prehistoric groundstone and lithic scatter
33-000703 CA-RIV-703 Unknown prehistoric site
33-003451 CA-RIV-3451 Numerous lithic scatters
33-003832* CA-RIV-3832H Former Santa Fe Railway grade (Temescal Valley line)
33-003858 CA-RIV-3858H Historic-period refuse scatter
33-004110 CA-RIV-4110 Prehistoric lithic scatter and abalone shell
33-006880 CA-RIV-5782 Prehistoric artifact scatter with groundstone and lithics
33-006881 CA-RIV-5783 Prehistoric artifact scatter with groundstone and lithics
33-006882 CA-RIV-5784H Concrete and brick foundations and landscaping
33-007151 Double-gabled bungalow, 1938
33-007155 Tudor Revival-style residence, 1928
33-007171 “Aimee’s Castle,” Moorish-style building, 1929
33-007175 Vernacular adobe bungalow, 1910
33-007203 Two-story Mediterranean/Spanish-style house, 1928
33-007206 Mediterranean/Spanish-style house, 1926
33-007207 Spanish Eclectic-style residence, circa 1929
33-007210 Vernacular wood-frame residence, ca. 1914
33-007211 Bungalow, ca. 1921
33-007232 Vernacular Ranch house, ca. 1900
33-011003 Street landscaping: 50 mature deodar trees, ca. 1920
33-011722 Isolate: quartzite chopper
33-012660 Isolate: felsite core and quartz graver
33-013462 Isolate: felsite flake scraper
33-013802 Isolate: unifacial mano
33-013803 Isolate: granitic unifacial mano
33-015346 CA-RIV-8102 Bedrock milling feature with mano and hammerstone
33-015349* CA-RIV-8105H Prospecting trenches
33-015350 CA-RIV-8106H Mining site with three prospecting pits
33-015360 CA-RIV-8116H Ca. 1950s refuse scatter, mostly glass fragments
33-015364 CA-RIV-8120H Historic-period refuse scatter
33-015793 Isolate: metate
33-015794 CA-RIV-8226H Concrete foundation with scattered refuse and landscaping
33-016641 Bedrock milling features
33-016643 Earthen reservoir and concrete standpipe
33-017019 Side-gabled bungalow, 1959
33-017020 CA-RIV-8861H Refuse scatter with cans
33-017021 Side-gabled bungalow, circa 1950s
33-017022 CA-RIV-8862H Concrete foundation, driveway, retaining wall, and landscaping
33-017023 CA-RIV-8863H Historic-period refuse scatter with cans, ceramic, and glass
33-017024 Isolate: black metavolcanic porphyritic flake
33-017026 CA-RIV-8865H Two concrete foundations with associated refuse scatter
33-017027 CA-RIV-8866H Historic-period refuse scatter, landscaping, and building remains
33-017576 Isolate: granitic basin metate
33-020982 Isolate: sun-colored amethyst glass bottle collar
33-023614 CA-RIV-11588H Racetrack with remnant bleachers, lights, and other associated features
33-023880* Isolate: rhyolite biface thinning flake
*Recorded within or partially within project boundaries
13
Soboba Band has not provided any further comments, the Pechanga Band states in a letter dated
November 13, 2023, that the project area holds a high potential for Native American cultural
resources and expressed an interest in participating further in this project (see App. 2). The tribe
discussed three Sacred Lands localities ranging from 0.85 to 1.71 miles in distance from the project
location, a water source on the property, and that the native soils below the plow line appeared
intact. Based on these factors, the tribe requested notification once the project begins the entitlement
process, copies of all cultural documentation, government-to-government consultation, and an
opportunity to make further recommendations such as tribal monitoring.
HISTORICAL RESEARCH
According to historical sources, the project vicinity has been the scene of much human activities,
primarily mining, agricultural, and transportation-related, since the turn of the 20th century (Figs. 6-
9). In the 1850s-1880s, U.S. government surveyors noted a few wagon roads traversing near the
project location, across a largely undeveloped landscape (Fig. 6). By the end of the 19th century, the
Elsinore area had grown tremendously, and the community of Terra Cotta or Terra Cotta City,
driven by clay mining and processing, had been established near the project area (Fig. 7). The
townsite was established in 1887, during the land boom of the 1880s, by the Souther California Coal
and Clay Company (Gunther 1984:539).
The company was organized by Georgia native John D. Hoff, who had located coal and clay deposits
in the vicinity a year earlier (Gunther 1984:539). Both coal and clay were mined subsequently, with
the extracted coal used to fire the kilns at the mine where the processed clay was then made into
ceramic sewer and water pipes (Hudson 1978; Greene 2005). By the 1890s, the operation
contributed to the production of seven freight carloads of pipe each week, including ten miles of
square groove tiles used for underground telephone wires in Los Angeles (ibid.). Over the years, the
Terra Cotta mining and clay processing enterprise changed hands many times, and the subsequent
owners and operators included the Elsinore Coal and Clay Company, the California Fireproof
Construction Company, and the Pacific Clay Products Company (Hudson 1978; Gunther 1984).
During the historic period, more than a quarter-million tons of clay were taken from the Terra Cotta
area for use in construction projects in Riverside, San Bernardino, and Los Angeles (Hudson 1978;
Greene 2005). Extraction and production continued sporadically through the 1970s, when work
ceased for several decades (ibid.; NETR Online 1967-1980). Sometime between 1994 and 2002,
work re-commenced and extensive mine and road cuts were created all around the bowl formation,
obscuring most elements of the late 19th and early 20th century workings (Google Earth 1994; 2005;
NETR Online 1994; 2002).
In 1896, the Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railway Company built a spur line from the Elsinore
Junction on its California Southern Railway mainline to the nearby mining operations at Alberhill,
passing through the Terra Cotta area and the project location itself (Gunther 1984:541; Fig. 7). In
1927, after the original California Southern Railway mainline through Railroad Canyon was
repeatedly washed out by floods and ultimately abandoned to the Canyon Lake reservoir, the
Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railway Company extended the Alberhill spur through the entire
Temescal Valley to Corona to reconstruct its link between the Elsinore-Temecula Valley and the
Santa Ana Valley (Hudson 1978; Love and Tang 1995; 1998). It remained in operation until the late
1970s, when the line was abandoned and the tracks removed (ibid.).
14
Figure 6. The project area and vicinity in 1853-1880
(Source: GLO 1880-1880c)
Figure 7. The project area and vicinity in 1897-1898.
(Source: USGS 1901)
Figure 8. The project area and vicinity in 1939. (Source:
USGS 1942)
Figure 9. The project area and vicinity in 1951. (Source:
USGS 1953)
15
Other than the rail line and a few crisscrossing roads, most prominently Nichols Road, no notable
human-made features were evident within the project boundaries during the historic period (Figs. 6-
9; NETR Online 1967). Portions of the main project site were evidently used as farmlands,
continuing well into the modern era (NETR Online 1967-1980). In the 1970s, a few buildings,
apparently rural residences, began to appear at the main project site, most of them near the easterly
corner and all of them along Baker Street (NETR Online 1967-1994). Over the past few decades,
however, all of the buildings within the project boundaries were removed, leaving the project site
entirely undeveloped today (NETR Online 1994-2020; Google Earth 1994-2023).
FIELD SURVEY
During the field survey, the entire project area was carefully inspected for features or artifacts of
prehistoric or historical origin, and the areas around the three previously recorded cultural resources
lying within or partially within the project boundaries were surveyed with particular care. Despite
these efforts, no cultural remains were found at or near the reported locations of Site 33-015349 and
Isolate 33-023880. At Site 33-003832, while the abandoned railroad grade still survives outside the
project boundary, the portions that crossed into the project area no longer exist. Both Site 33-003832
and Site 33-015349 overlap the project area along the Nichols Road right-of-way, where the survival
of the recorded features from the late 19th or early 20th century was in fact not expected.
Similarly, in the areas near the two previously recorded sites lying outside but adjacent to the project
area, namely 33-017022 and 3792-5H, no features or artifacts of historical origin were found within
the project boundaries. Concrete foundations left by demolished residences were noted in the project
area along Baker Street, but none of these residences is known to predate the 1970s, as the results of
the historical background research indicate. The only notable feature of historical origin identified in
the project area was Nichols Road, which as a paved road dates to sometime between 1939 and 1951
(Figs. 8, 9). However, like numerous other roadways of historical origin that remain in use today,
Nichols Road has clearly undergone repeated upgrading and maintenance in the modern era. As a
working component of the modern transportation infrastructure, this two-lane road with hard
shoulders does not demonstrate any distinctively historical character, nor any special merits in
design, construction, engineering, or aesthetics. Therefore, it retains little potential for historic
significance and requires no further study.
MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS
APPLICABLE STATUTORY/REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
The purpose of this study is to identify potential cultural resources within or adjacent to the project
area and to assist the City of Lake Elsinore in determining whether or not such resources meet the
official definition of a historical resource, as provided in the California Public Resources Code, in
particular CEQA. According to PRC §5020.1(j), “‘historical resource’ includes, but is not limited to,
any object, building, site, area, place, record, or manuscript which is historically or archaeologically
significant, or is significant in the architectural, engineering, scientific, economic, agricultural,
educational, social, political, military, or cultural annals of California.”
16
More specifically, CEQA guidelines state that the term “historical resources” applies to any such
resources listed in or determined to be eligible for listing in the California Register of Historical
Resources, included in a local register of historical resources, or determined to be historically
significant by the lead agency (Title 14 CCR §15064.5(a)(1)-(3)). Regarding the proper criteria of
historical significance, CEQA guidelines mandate that “generally a resource shall be considered by
the lead agency to be ‘historically significant’ if the resource meets the criteria for listing on the
California Register of Historical Resources” (Title 14 CCR §15064.5(a)(3)). A resource may be
listed in the California Register if it meets any of the following criteria:
(1) Is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of
California’s history and cultural heritage.
(2) Is associated with the lives of persons important in our past.
(3) Embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction, or
represents the work of an important creative individual, or possesses high artistic values.
(4) Has yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history. (PRC
§5024.1(c))
DISCUSSION
As stated above, existing records at the EIC identified an isolate of prehistoric origin and two
archaeological sites from the historic period as lying within or partially within the project area,
namely Site 33-003832, Site 33-015349, and Isolate 33-023880, but the portions of these cultural
resources within the project boundaries are no longer extant, although segments of the abandoned
railroad grade at Site 33-003832 were observed outside but close to the project area. Site 33-003832
was previously determined not to meet CEQA definition of a “historical resource” due to the loss of
historic integrity (Love and Tang 1995; 1998). Based on field observations, the present study
concurs with that evaluation regarding the portion of the site within and adjacent to the project
boundaries.
All other features encountered in the project area are modern in origin and/or appearance, including
several groups of structural remains from the post-1960s era and Nichols Road, a paved road that is
historical in origin but no longer retains any distinctively historical character. Therefore, it is the
conclusion of this study that no “historical resources” exist in the project area.
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
CEQA establishes that “a project that may cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a
historical resource is a project that may have a significant effect on the environment” (PRC
§21084.1). “Substantial adverse change,” according to PRC §5020.1(q), “means demolition,
destruction, relocation, or alteration such that the significance of a historical resource would be
impaired.” In summary of the research results outlined above, no “historical resources,” as defined
by CEQA and associated regulations, are known to be present within the project boundaries.
Therefore, CRM TECH presents the following recommendations to the City of Lake Elsinore:
• No “historical resources” will be affected by the proposed project.
• No further cultural resources investigation will be necessary for the project unless development
plans undergo such changes as to include areas not covered by this study.
17
• If buried cultural materials are encountered during earth-moving operations associated with the
project, all work in that area should be halted or diverted until a qualified archaeologist can
evaluate the nature and significance of the finds.
REFERENCES
Basgall, Mark E., and D.L. True
1985 Archaeological Investigations in Crowder Canyon, 1973-1984: Excavations at Sites SBR-
421B, SBR-421C, SBR-421D, and SBR-713, San Bernardino County, California. On file, South
Central Coastal Information Center, California State University, Fullerton.
Bean, Lowell John, and Florence C. Shipek
1978 Luiseño. In Robert F. Heizer (ed.): Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 8:
California; pp. 550-563. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
Chartkoff, Joseph L., and Kerry Kona Chartkoff
1984 The Archaeology of California. Stanford University Press, Stanford, California.
Craft, Andrea M.
2007 California Historical Resources Inventory record forms, Site 33-017022. On file, Eastern
Information Center, University of California, Riverside
GLO (General Land Office, U.S. Department of the Interior)
1880a Plat Map: Township No. 5 South Range No. 4 West, SBBM; surveyed in 1853-1880.
1880b Plat Map: Township No. 5 South Range No. 5 West, SBBM; surveyed in 1854-1880.
1880c Plat Map: Township No. 6 North Range No. 4 West, SBBM; surveyed in 1854-1880.
Goldberg, Susan K. (ed.)
2001 Metropolitan Water District of Southern California Eastside Reservoir Project: Final
Report of Archaeological Investigations. On file, Eastern information Center, University of
California, Riverside.
Goodman, John D., II
2002 Archaeological Survey of the Charter Communications Cable Project, Mountaintop
Ranger District, San Bernardino National Forest, California. San Bernardino National Forest
Technical Report 05-12-BB-102. San Bernardino, California.
Goodman, John D., II, and Meg McDonald
2001 Archaeological Survey of the Southern California Trials Association Event Area, Little
Pine Flats, Mountaintop Ranger District, San Bernardino National Forest, California. San
Bernardino National Forest Technical Report 05-12-BB-106. San Bernardino, California.
Google Earth
1994-2023 Aerial photographs of the project vicinity; taken in 1994, 2002, 2004-2006, 2009,
2011-2014, 2016, 2018-2019, and 2023. Available through the Google Earth software.
Greene, Edythe J.
2005 Lake Elsinore: Images of America. Arcadia Publishing, Charleston, South Carolina.
Grenda, Donn
1993 Archaeological Treatment Plan for CA-RIV-2798/H, Lake Elsinore, Riverside County,
California. On file, Eastern Information Center, University of California, Riverside.
1997 Continuity and Change: 8,500 Years of Lacustrine Adaptation on the Shores of Lake
Elsinore. Statistical Research Technical Series 59. Statistical Research, Inc., Tucson, Arizona.
18
Gunther, Jane Davies
1984 Riverside County, California, Place Names: Their Origins and Their Stories. J.D.
Gunther, Riverside.
Hudson, Tom
1978 Lake Elsinore Valley, it’s Story 1776-1977. Lake Elsinore Valley Bicentennial
Commission.
1989 A Thousand Years in Temecula Valley. Reprinted by Old Town Temecula Museum,
Temecula.
Horne, Melinda C., and Dennis P. McDougall
2008 CA-RIV-6069: Early Archaic Settlement and Subsistence in the San Jacinto Valley,
Western Riverside County, California. On file, Eastern Information Center, University of
California, Riverside.
Jennings, Bill, Ron Baker, Tom Patterson, and Diana Seider (ed.)
1993 Guide to the Historic Landmarks of Riverside County, California. Riverside County
Historical Commission Press, Riverside.
Keller, Jean S., and Daniel F. McCarthy
1989 Data Recovery at the Cole Canyon Site (CA-RIV-1139), Riverside County, California.
Pacific Coast Archeological Society Quarterly 25.
Kroeber, Alfred L.
1925 Handbook of the Indians of California. Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 78.
Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
Love, Bruce, and Bai “Tom” Tang
1995 Identification and Evaluation of Historic Properties: Temescal Valley Intertie Project. On
file, Eastern Information Center, University of California, Riverside.
1998 Cultural Resources Report: Temescal Valley Regional Interceptor. On file, Eastern
Information Center, University of California, Riverside.
McDonald, Meg, Philip J. Wilke, and Andrea Kauss
1987 McCue: An Elko Site in Riverside County. Journal of California and Great Basin
Anthropology 9(1):46-73.
Milburn, Doug, U.K. Doan, and John D. Goodman, II
2008 Archaeological Investigation at Baldy Mesa-Cajon Divide for the Baldy Mesa Off-
Highway-Vehicle Recreation Trails Project San Bernardino National Forest, San Bernardino
County, California. San Bernardino National Forest Technical Report 05-12-53-091. San
Bernardino, California.
NETR (Nationwide Environmental Title Research) Online
1967-2020 Aerial photographs of the project vicinity; taken in 1967, 1978, 1980, 1985, 1994,
2002, 2005, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, and 2020. http://www.historicaerials.com.
O’Connell, James F., Philip J. Wilke, Thomas F. King, and Carol L. Mix (eds.)
1974 Perris Reservoir Archaeology: Late Prehistoric Demographic Change in Southeastern
California. On file, Eastern Information Center, University of California, Riverside.
O’Donnell, Hunter
2022 California Historical Resources Inventory record forms, Site 3792-5H (temporary
designation). Prepared by CRM TECH, Colton, California.
Strong, William Duncan
1929 Aboriginal Society in Southern California. University of California Publications in
American Archaeology and Ethnology No. 26.
19
True, D.L.
1966 Archaeological Differentiation of Shoshonean and Yuman Speaking Groups in Southern
California. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of
California, Los Angeles.
USCB (United States Census Bureau, U.S. Department of Commerce)
n.d. 2020 Census, Lake Elsinore. https://data.census.gov/cedsci/all?q=lake%20elsinore.
USGS (United States Geological Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior)
1901 Map: Elsinore, Calif. (30’, 1:125,000); surveyed in 1897-1898.
1942 Map: Lake Elsinore, Calif. (15’, 1:62,500); aerial photographs taken in 1939.
1953 Map: Lake Elsinore, Calif. (7.5’, 1:24,000); aerial photographs taken in 1951.
1979 Map: Santa Ana, Calif. (120’x60’, 1:250,000); 1959 edition revised.
1997a Map: Alberhill, Calif. (7.5’, 1:24,000); 1988 edition revised in 1997.
1997b Map: Lake Elsinore, Calif. (7.5’, 1:24,000); 1988 edition revised in 1997.
Warren, Claude N.
1984 The Desert Region. In California Archaeology, edited by Michael J. Moratto; pp. 339-
430. Academic Press, Orlando, Florida.
20
APPENDIX 1:
PERSONNEL QUALIFICATIONS
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR/HISTORIAN/ARCHITECTURAL HISTORIAN
Bai “Tom” Tang, M.A.
Education
1988-1993 Graduate Program in Public History/Historic Preservation, University of California,
Riverside.
1987 M.A., American History, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.
1982 B.A., History, Northwestern University, Xi’an, China.
2000 “Introduction to Section 106 Review,” presented by the Advisory Council on Historic
Preservation and the University of Nevada, Reno.
1994 “Assessing the Significance of Historic Archaeological Sites,” presented by the
Historic Preservation Program, University of Nevada, Reno.
Professional Experience
2002- Principal Investigator, CRM TECH, Riverside/Colton, California.
1993-2002 Project Historian/Architectural Historian, CRM TECH, Riverside, California.
1993-1997 Project Historian, Greenwood and Associates, Pacific Palisades, California.
1991-1993 Project Historian, Archaeological Research Unit, University of California, Riverside.
1990 Intern Researcher, California State Office of Historic Preservation, Sacramento.
1990-1992 Teaching Assistant, History of Modern World, University of California, Riverside.
1988-1993 Research Assistant, American Social History, University of California, Riverside.
1985-1988 Research Assistant, Modern Chinese History, Yale University.
1985-1986 Teaching Assistant, Modern Chinese History, Yale University.
1982-1985 Lecturer, History, Xi’an Foreign Languages Institute, Xi’an, China.
Cultural Resources Management Reports
Preliminary Analyses and Recommendations Regarding California’s Cultural Resources Inventory
System (with Special Reference to Condition 14 of NPS 1990 Program Review Report). California
State Office of Historic Preservation working paper, Sacramento, September 1990.
Numerous cultural resources management reports with the Archaeological Research Unit,
Greenwood and Associates, and CRM TECH, since October 1991.
21
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR/ARCHAEOLOGIST
Michael Hogan, Ph.D., RPA (Registered Professional Archaeologist)
Education
1991 Ph.D., Anthropology, University of California, Riverside.
1981 B.S., Anthropology, University of California, Riverside; with honors.
1980-1981 Education Abroad Program, Lima, Peru.
2002 “Section 106—National Historic Preservation Act: Federal Law at the Local Level,”
UCLA Extension Course #888.
2002 “Recognizing Historic Artifacts,” workshop presented by Richard Norwood,
Historical Archaeologist.
2002 “Wending Your Way through the Regulatory Maze,” symposium presented by the
Association of Environmental Professionals.
1992 “Southern California Ceramics Workshop,” presented by Jerry Schaefer.
1992 “Historic Artifact Workshop,” presented by Anne Duffield-Stoll.
Professional Experience
2002- Principal Investigator, CRM TECH, Riverside/Colton, California.
1999-2002 Project Archaeologist/Field Director, CRM TECH, Riverside, California.
1996-1998 Project Director and Ethnographer, Statistical Research, Inc., Redlands, California.
1992-1998 Assistant Research Anthropologist, University of California, Riverside.
1992-1995 Project Director, Archaeological Research Unit, U.C. Riverside.
1993-1994 Adjunct Professor, Riverside Community College, Mt. San Jacinto College, U.C.
Riverside, Chapman University, and San Bernardino Valley College.
1991-1992 Crew Chief, Archaeological Research Unit, U.C. Riverside.
1984-1998 Project Director, Field Director, Crew Chief, and Archaeological Technician for
various southern California cultural resources management firms.
Research Interests
Cultural Resource Management, Southern Californian Archaeology, Settlement and Exchange
Patterns, Specialization and Stratification, Culture Change, Native American Culture, Cultural
Diversity.
Cultural Resources Management Reports
Principal investigator for, author or co-author of, and contributor to numerous cultural resources
management study reports since 1986.
Memberships
Society for American Archaeology; Society for California Archaeology; Pacific Coast
Archaeological Society; Coachella Valley Archaeological Society.
22
PROJECT ARCHAEOLOGIST/REPORT WRITER
Deirdre Encarnación, M.A.
Education
2003 M.A., Anthropology, San Diego State University, California.
2000 B.A., Anthropology, minor in Biology, San Diego State University, California; with
honors.
2021 Certificate of Specialization, Kumeyaay Studies, Cuyamaca College, California.
2001 Archaeological Field School, San Diego State University.
2000 Archaeological Field School, San Diego State University.
Professional Experience
2016- Archaeological Consultant, Friends of Maha’ulepu, Koloa, Hawai’i.
2004- Project Archaeologist/Report Writer, CRM TECH, Riverside/Colton, California.
2001-2003 Part-time Lecturer, San Diego State University, California.
2001 Research Assistant for Dr. Lynn Gamble, San Diego State University.
2001 Archaeological Collection Catalog, San Diego State University Foundation.
Presentations
2023 “The Kumeyaay-Critical Awareness, Critical Activation,” Salaam, San Diego College
of Continuing Education.
2023 “A Look at the Three Wise Men and Their Global Celebrations,” The Epiphany
Project.
2022 “Voices: A Latina Advocate Shares about Life, Stereotypes, & Rising Above,”
Salaam online event.
2022 “The Original Beach Town: San Diego’s Coastal Heritage,” San Diego
Archaeological Center Living Room Lecture.
Memberships
Society for California Archaeology; Society for Hawaiian Archaeology; California Native Plant
Society.
23
PROJECT ARCHAEOLOGIST/FIELD DIRECTOR
Daniel Ballester, M.S., RPA (Registered Professional Archaeologist)
Education
2013 M.S., Geographic Information System (GIS), University of Redlands, California.
1998 B.A., Anthropology, California State University, San Bernardino.
1997 Archaeological Field School, University of Las Vegas and University of California,
Riverside.
1994 University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico.
2007 Certificate in Geographic Information Systems (GIS), California State University,
San Bernardino.
2002 “Historic Archaeology Workshop,” presented by Richard Norwood, Base
Archaeologist, Edwards Air Force Base; presented at CRM TECH, Riverside,
California.
Professional Experience
2002- Field Director/GIS Specialist, CRM TECH, Riverside/Colton, California.
2011-2012 GIS Specialist for Caltrans District 8 Project, Garcia and Associates, San Anselmo,
California.
2009-2010 Field Crew Chief, Garcia and Associates, San Anselmo, California.
2009-2010 Field Crew, ECorp, Redlands.
1999-2002 Project Archaeologist, CRM TECH, Riverside, California.
1998-1999 Field Crew, K.E.A. Environmental, San Diego, California.
1998 Field Crew, A.S.M. Affiliates, Encinitas, California.
1998 Field Crew, Archaeological Research Unit, University of California, Riverside.
Cultural Resources Management Reports
Field Director, co-author, and contributor to numerous cultural management reports since 2002.
24
PROJECT ARCHAEOLOGIST
Hunter C. O’Donnell, B.A.
Education
2016- M.A. Program, Applied Archaeology, California State University, San Bernardino.
2015 B.A. (cum laude), Anthropology, California State University, San Bernardino.
2012 A.A., Social and Behavioral Sciences, Mt. San Antonio College, Walnut, California.
2011 A.A., Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Mt. San Antonio College, Walnut,
California.
2014 Archaeological Field School, Santa Rosa Mountains; supervised by Bill Sapp of the
United States Forest Service and Daniel McCarthy of the San Manuel Band of
Mission Indians.
Professional Experience
2022- Field Crew Chief, CRM TECH, Colton, California.
2017- Project Archaeologist, CRM TECH, Colton, California.
2016-2018 Graduate Research Assistant, Applied Archaeology, California State University, San
Bernardino.
2016-2017 Cultural Intern, Cultural Department, Pechanga Band of Luiseño Indians, Temecula,
California.
2015 Archaeological Intern, U.S. Bureau of Land Management, Barstow, California.
2015 Peer Research Consultant: African Archaeology, California State University, San
Bernardino.
PROJECT ARCHAEOLOGIST
Salvadore Z. Boites, M.A.
Education
2013 M.A., Applied Anthropology, California State University, Long Beach.
2003 B.A., Anthropology/Sociology, University of California, Riverside.
1996-1998 Archaeological Field School, Fullerton Community College, Fullerton, California.
Professional Experience
2014- Project Archaeologist, CRM TECH, Colton, California.
2010-2011 Adjunct Instructor, Anthropology, Everest College, Anaheim, California.
2003-2008 Project Archaeologist, CRM TECH, Riverside/Colton, California.
2001-2002 Teaching Assistant, Moreno Elementary School, Moreno Valley, California.
1999-2003 Research Assistant, Anthropology Department, University of California, Riverside.
25
APPENDIX 2
NATIVE AMERICAN RESPONSES
STATE OF CALIFORNIA Gavin Newsom, Governor
NATIVE AMERICAN HERITAGE COMMISSION
Page 1 of 1
November 9, 2023
Nina Gallardo
CRM TECH
Via Email to: ngallardo@crmtech.us
Re: Proposed Baker Property Project, Riverside County
Dear Ms. Gallardo:
A record search of the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) Sacred Lands File (SLF)
was completed for the information submitted for the above referenced project. The results
were positive. Please contact the Pechanga Band of Indians on the attached list for
information. Please note that tribes do not always record their sacred sites in the SLF, nor are
they required to do so. A SLF search is not a substitute for consultation with tribes that are
traditionally and culturally affiliated with a project’s geographic area. Other sources of cultural
resources should also be contacted for information regarding known and recorded sites, such
as the appropriate regional California Historical Research Information System (CHRIS)
archaeological Information Center for the presence of recorded archaeological sites.
Attached is a list of Native American tribes who may also have knowledge of cultural resources
in the project area. This list should provide a starting place in locating areas of potential
adverse impact within the proposed project area. Please contact all of those listed; if they
cannot supply information, they may recommend others with specific knowledge. By
contacting all those listed, your organization will be better able to respond to claims of failure to
consult with the appropriate tribe. If a response has not been received within two weeks of
notification, the Commission requests that you follow-up with a telephone call or email to
ensure that the project information has been received.
If you receive notification of change of addresses and phone numbers from tribes, please notify
the NAHC. With your assistance, we can assure that our lists contain current information.
If you have any questions or need additional information, please contact me at my email
address: Andrew.Green@nahc.ca.gov.
Sincerely,
Andrew Green
Cultural Resources Analyst
Attachment
CHAIRPERSON
Reginald Pagaling
Chumash
VICE-CHAIRPERSON
Buffy McQuillen
Yokayo Pomo, Yuki,
Nomlaki
SECRETARY
Sara Dutschke
Miwok
PARLIAMENTARIAN
Wayne Nelson
Luiseño
COMMISSIONER
Isaac Bojorquez
Ohlone-Costanoan
COMMISSIONER
Stanley Rodriguez
Kumeyaay
COMMISSIONER
Laurena Bolden
Serrano
COMMISSIONER
Reid Milanovich
Cahuilla
COMMISSIONER
Vacant
EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Raymond C.
Hitchcock
Miwok, Nisenan
NAHC HEADQUARTERS
1550 Harbor Boulevard
Suite 100
West Sacramento,
California 95691
(916) 373-3710
nahc@nahc.ca.gov
NAHC.ca.gov
Native American Heritage Commission
Native American Contact List
Riverside County
11/9/2023
Tribe Name Fed (F)
Non-Fed (N)
Contact Person Contact Address Phone # Fax # Email Address Cultural
Affiliation
Counties
Agua Caliente Band
of Cahuilla Indians
F Patricia Garcia, Director of
Historic Preservation
5401 Dinah Shore Drive
Palm Springs, CA, 92264
(760) 699-6907 (760) 699-6919 pagarcia@aguacaliente.net Cahuilla Imperial,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego
Augustine Band of
Cahuilla Mission
Indians
F Amanda Vance, Chairperson 84-001 Avenue 54
Coachella, CA, 92236
(760) 398-4722 (760) 369-7161 hhaines@augustinetribe.com Cahuilla Imperial,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego
Cabazon Band of
Mission Indians
F Doug Welmas, Chairperson 84-245 Indio Springs Parkway
Indio, CA, 92203
(760) 342-2593 (760) 347-7880 jstapp@cabazonindians-nsn.gov Cahuilla Imperial,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego
Cahuilla Band of
Indians
F Anthony Madrigal, Tribal
Historic Preservation Officer
52701 CA Highway 371
Anza, CA, 92539
(951) 763-5549 anthonymad2002@gmail.com Cahuilla Imperial,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego
Cahuilla Band of
Indians
F Daniel Salgado, Chairperson 52701 CA Highway 371
Anza, CA, 92539
(951) 972-2568 (951) 763-2808 chairman@cahuilla-nsn.gov Cahuilla Imperial,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego
Cahuilla Band of
Indians
F BobbyRay Esaprza, Cultural
Director
52701 CA Highway 371
Anza, CA, 92539
(951) 763-5549 besparza@cahuilla-nsn.gov Cahuilla Imperial,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego
Juaneno Band of
Mission Indians
Acjachemen Nation -
Belardes
N Joyce Perry, Cultural
Resource Director
4955 Paseo Segovia
Irvine, CA, 92603
(949) 293-8522 kaamalam@gmail.com Juaneno Los Angeles,Orange,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego
Juaneno Band of
Mission Indians
Acjachemen Nation
84A
N Heidi Lucero, Chairperson,
THPO
31411-A La Matanza Street
San Juan Capistrano, CA, 92675
(562) 879-2884 jbmian.chairwoman@gmail.com Juaneno Los Angeles,Orange,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego
La Jolla Band of
Luiseno Indians
F Norma Contreras, Chairperson 22000 Highway 76
Pauma Valley, CA, 92061
(760) 742-3771 Luiseno Orange,Riverside,San Diego
Los Coyotes Band of
Cahuilla and Cupeño
Indians
F Ray Chapparosa, Chairperson P.O. Box 189
Warner Springs, CA, 92086-0189
(760) 782-0711 (760) 782-0712 Cahuilla Imperial,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego
Morongo Band of
Mission Indians
F Ann Brierty, THPO 12700 Pumarra Road
Banning, CA, 92220
(951) 755-5259 (951) 572-6004 abrierty@morongo-nsn.gov Cahuilla
Serrano
Imperial,Los Angeles,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego
Morongo Band of
Mission Indians
F Robert Martin, Chairperson 12700 Pumarra Road
Banning, CA, 92220
(951) 755-5110 (951) 755-5177 abrierty@morongo-nsn.gov Cahuilla
Serrano
Imperial,Los Angeles,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego
Pala Band of Mission
Indians
F Alexis Wallick, Assistant
THPO
PMB 50, 35008 Pala Temecula Road
Pala, CA, 92059
(760) 891-3537 awallick@palatribe.com Cupeno
Luiseno
Orange,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego
Pala Band of Mission
Indians
F Shasta Gaughen, Tribal
Historic Preservation Officer
PMB 50, 35008 Pala Temecula Road
Pala, CA, 92059
(760) 891-3515 (760) 742-3189 sgaughen@palatribe.com Cupeno
Luiseno
Orange,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego
Pauma Band of
Luiseno Indians
F Temet Aguilar, Chairperson P.O. Box 369
Pauma Valley, CA, 92061
(760) 742-1289 (760) 742-3422 bennaecalac@aol.com Luiseno Orange,Riverside,San Diego
Pechanga Band of
Indians
F Steve Bodmer, General
Counsel for Pechanga Band of
Indians
P.O. Box 1477
Temecula, CA, 92593
(951) 770-6171 (951) 695-1778 sbodmer@pechanga-nsn.gov Luiseno Los Angeles,Orange,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego,Santa
Barbara,Ventura
Pechanga Band of
Indians
F Tuba Ebru Ozdil, Pechanga
Cultural Analyst
P.O. Box 2183
Temecula, CA, 92593
(951) 770-6313 (951) 695-1778 eozdil@pechanga-nsn.gov Luiseno Los Angeles,Orange,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego,Santa
Barbara,Ventura
Quechan Tribe of the
Fort Yuma
Reservation
F Jill McCormick, Historic
Preservation Officer
P.O. Box 1899
Yuma, AZ, 85366
(928) 261-0254 historicpreservation@quechantribe.com Quechan Imperial,Kern,Los
Angeles,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego
Quechan Tribe of the
Fort Yuma
Reservation
F Manfred Scott, Acting
Chairman - Kw'ts'an Cultural
Committee
P.O. Box 1899
Yuma, AZ, 85366
(928) 210-8739 culturalcommittee@quechantribe.com Quechan Imperial,Kern,Los
Angeles,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego
Quechan Tribe of the
Fort Yuma
Reservation
F Jordan Joaquin, President,
Quechan Tribal Council
P.O.Box 1899
Yuma, AZ, 85366
(760) 919-3600 executivesecretary@quechantribe.com Quechan Imperial,Kern,Los
Angeles,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego
Ramona Band of
Cahuilla
F John Gomez, Environmental
Coordinator
P. O. Box 391670
Anza, CA, 92539
(951) 763-4105 (951) 763-4325 jgomez@ramona-nsn.gov Cahuilla Imperial,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego
Ramona Band of
Cahuilla
F Joseph Hamilton, Chairperson P.O. Box 391670
Anza, CA, 92539
(951) 763-4105 (951) 763-4325 admin@ramona-nsn.gov Cahuilla Imperial,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego
Rincon Band of
Luiseno Indians
F Joseph Linton, Tribal
Council/Culture Committee
Member
One Government Center Lane
Valley Center, CA, 92082
(760) 803-3548 jlinton@rincon-nsn.gov Luiseno Los Angeles,Orange,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego,Santa
Barbara,Ventura
Rincon Band of
Luiseno Indians
F , Cultural Resources
Manager/Tribal Historic
Preservation Officer
One Government Center Lane
Valley Center, CA, 92082
(760) 648-3000 cmadrigal@rincon-nsn.gov Luiseno Los Angeles,Orange,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego,Santa
Barbara,Ventura
Rincon Band of
Luiseno Indians
F Denise Turner Walsh, Attorney
General
One Government Center Lane
Valley Center, CA, 92082
(760) 689-5727 dwalsh@rincon-nsn.gov Luiseno Los Angeles,Orange,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego,Santa
Barbara,Ventura
Rincon Band of
Luiseno Indians
F Laurie Gonzalez, Tribal
Council/Culture Committee
Member
One Government Center Lane
Valley Center, CA, 92082
(760) 484-4835 lgonzalez@rincon-nsn.gov Luiseno Los Angeles,Orange,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego,Santa
Barbara,Ventura
Santa Rosa Band of
Cahuilla Indians
F Lovina Redner, Tribal Chair P.O. Box 391820
Anza, CA, 92539
(951) 659-2700 (951) 659-2228 lsaul@santarosa-nsn.gov Cahuilla Imperial,Los
Angeles,Orange,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego
Soboba Band of
Luiseno Indians
F Jessica Valdez, Cultural
Resource Specialist
P.O. Box 487
San Jacinto, CA, 92581
(951) 663-6261 (951) 654-4198 jvaldez@soboba-nsn.gov Cahuilla
Luiseno
Imperial,Los
Angeles,Orange,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego
Soboba Band of
Luiseno Indians
F Joseph Ontiveros, Tribal
Historic Preservation Officer
P.O. Box 487
San Jacinto, CA, 92581
(951) 663-5279 (951) 654-4198 jontiveros@soboba-nsn.gov Cahuilla
Luiseno
Imperial,Los
Angeles,Orange,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego
Torres-Martinez
Desert Cahuilla
Indians
F Alesia Reed, Cultural
Committee Chairwoman
P.O. Box 1160
Thermal, CA, 92274
(760) 397-0300 lisareed990@gmail.com Cahuilla Imperial,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego
Torres-Martinez
Desert Cahuilla
Indians
F Mary Belardo, Cultural
Committee Vice Chair
P.O. Box 1160
Thermal, CA, 92274
(760) 397-0300 belardom@gmail.com Cahuilla Imperial,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego
Torres-Martinez
Desert Cahuilla
Indians
F Thomas Tortez, Chairperson P.O. Box 1160
Thermal, CA, 92274
(760) 397-0300 (760) 397-8146 thomas.tortez@tmdci.org Cahuilla Imperial,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego
Torres-Martinez
Desert Cahuilla
Indians
F Abraham Becerra, Cultural
Coordinator
P.O. Box 1160
Thermal, CA, 92274
(760) 397-0300 abecerra@tmdci.org Cahuilla Imperial,Riverside,San
Bernardino,San Diego
This list is current only as of the date of this document. Distribution of this list does not relieve any person of statutory responsibility as defined in Section 7050.5 of the Health and Safety Code, Section 5097.94 of the
Public Resource Section 5097.98 of the Public Resources Code.
This list is only applicable for contacting local Native Americans with regard to cultural resources assessment for the propo sed Baker Property Project, Riverside County.
Record: PROJ-2023-005233
Report Type: List of Tribes
Counties: Riverside
NAHC Group: All
31
APPENDIX 3
CULTURAL RESOURCES IDENTIFIED
WITHIN THE PROJECT AREA
State of California -The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION
CONTINUATION SHEET
Primary#
HRI#
Trinomial CA-RIV-3832H
Page 1 of 2 *Resource Name or# (Assigned by recorder) The Old Santa Fe Railroad Grade through the Temescal Valley
*Recorded by: Daniel Leonard *Date: May 1, 2014 D Continuation @ Update
This resource has been recorded numerous times (Goodman et al. 2006, Love and Tang 1996, Goodwin 2001, Swope 1991,
McCarthy 1990) as an abandoned historic-period railroad grade. Love and Tang's 1996 study represents a comprehensive
identification and evaluation of the entire alignment, and the others assessed smaller segments. Although these recordings indicate
that the grade remained visible in places, and some features are sporadically recognizable, all studies have conferred the resource
with poor condition and a lack of integrity due to its 1970s dismantling. BCR Consulting visited the portion of the railroad grade that
crosses the NE¼ of Section 12, Township 5 South, Range 6 West (SBBM) on May 1, 2014. Current field observations were
basically consistent with Love and Tang's 1996 study. Field crew noted an intermittently-visible and highly disturbed railroad grade
accompanied by the following features (plotted within the study area below):
Feature 1: a 33-foot section of displaced track (NAD 83 UTMs 457697mE/3435081 mN)
Feature 2: a concrete culvert stamped "1926" (NAD 83 UTMs 457515mE/3735210mN, at SW)
Feature 3: a second concrete culvert stamped "1926" (NAD 83 UTMs 457817mE/3734976mN)
Feature 4: a partial culvert similar to F2 and F3 but lacking date stamp (NAD 83 UTMs 457693mE/3735108mN)
Feature 5: a second partial culvert pipe, no date stamp (NAD 83 UTMs 457998mE/3734688)
Significant disturban_ces related to mechanical dismantling of the system during the 1970s (see Additional Research above) have
conferred a poor condition, and diminished integrity.
References:
Goodman, John, Nick Reseburb, Windy Jones. 2006. Site Record for CA-RIV-3832H. On File, Eastern Information Center, UCR.
Goodwin, Riordan. 2001. Site Record for CA-RIV-3832H. On File, Eastern Information Center, UCR.
McCarthy, Daniel. 1990. Site Record for CA-RIV-3832H. On File, Eastern Information Center, UCR.
Swope, Karen. 1991. Site Record for CA-RIV-3832H. On File, Eastern Information Center, UCR.
Tang, Bai "Tom" and Bruce Love. 1996. Site Record for CA-RIV-3832H. On File, Eastern Information Center, UCR.
E]Features8 Railroad Grade
Location Map: USGS 7.5-Min. Lake Matthews, Calif. (1997) To pographic Quadrangle
DPR 523L (1/95) *Required Information
State of California -The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION
CONTINUATION SHEET
Primary#
HRI#
Trinomial CA-RIV-3832H
Page 2 of2 *Resource Name or# (Assigned by recorder) The Old Santa Fe Railroad Grade through the Temescal Valley
*Recorded by: Daniel Leonard *Date: May 1, 2014 □ Continuation @ Update
Photos
Photo 2: Feature 4 (S)
DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information
State of California The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#
CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial CA-RIV-3832H
Page 1 of 2 *Resource Name or # Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railroad – Temescal Valley branch
*Recorded by: Robin D. Hoffman *Date: 14 Sept. 2011 Continuation Update
DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information
The portion of CA-RIV-3832H indicated by the the 1996 site record to be within the Project area and still identifiable consists of a
small segment on the W side of Sherborn Street, S of Magnolia Avenue, in the city of Corona. Upon inspection during the survey,
however, no evidence of this portion of the alignment was observed. It appears that the modern railroad and adjacent construction
activities have destroyed this portion of the alignment, leaving no identifiable features.
State of California - The Resource Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATIONLOCATION MAP Primary #:
Trinomial:
Page 2 of 2 Resource Name or #:
Map Name:Date of Map: Scale: Corona South 1:24,000 1997
CA-RIV-3832H Section Updated
DPR 523J (1/95)Required information is bold
±0 2,000
Feet
CA-RIV-3832H UPDATE
Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad -
Temescal Valley branch
•• I
State of California -The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION
CONTINUATION SHEET
Page 1 of 1
*Recorded by: J. D. Goodman
Primary#: HRI #:
Trinomial: CA-RIV-3832H UPDATE
*Resource Name or#: CA-RIV-3832H
Date: May 26, 2006
UPDATE
The Site CA-RN)-3832H is the At & SF Railroad branch that went through Temescal Valley (see old
site form for dates). In the western end of the study area we came across a burnt railroad bridge/trellis
and railroad grade (recorded as SRI 134 at the time), and later realized that these features are all
components/features of RIV-3832H. Only burnt upright posts remain of this bridge and some long rod
bolts, nuts, and cast-iron washers with embossed dates of 1902. Also, on either sides of the bridge and
drainage are concrete retaining walls to support the sides of the upper bank. Continuing on both sides of
the burnt bridge and retaining walls are the east and west remnants of the raised railroad grade.
DPR 523K ( 1/95}
RECEIVED IN
SEP 28 2006
EiC
*Required infonnatioo
State of California - The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION
PRIMARY RECORD
Page l of 5
Other Listings
Review Code
Pl. Other Identifier: S CA-RIV-3852H
Primary #: P
HRI #:
Trinomial:
CA-RIV-3832H NRHP
Status Code:
Reviewer
Date
*Resource Name or#: CA-RIV-3832H UPDATE
•P2. Location: ■ Not for Publication D Unrestricted *a. County: Riverside
and (P2b and P2c or P2d. Attach a Location Map as necessary.)
*b. USGS 7.5' Quad: Lake Mathews , CA Date: l967 (Photorevised 1988)
T. 5S; R. 6W NE 1/4 of SW ¼ of Sec.b 2 ; S.B.B.M.
c. Address:City: Zip:
d.UTM: (Give more than one for large and/or linear resources) Zone 11; 468249 mE / 3728306mN
e.Other Locational Data: (e.g., parcel #, directions to resource, elevation, etc., as appropriate). A burned historical railroad
truss/bridge associated with the previously recorded Atchison Topica and Santa Fe Railroad (CA-RIV-3852H) was found in the
portion of rail line that passes through a tributary of northwestern Temescal Wash in the Ternescal Valley. The bridge is
approximately 20m southwest of l- 15.
*P3a. Description: (Describe resource and its major elements. Include design, materials, condition, alterations, size, setting, and boundaries).
This truss/bridge was constructed of large upright support posts, and both sides of the bank of the wash for the bridge were
secured with large formed-and-poured concrete retaining" pads." The raised railroad grade on both sides of the burnt bridge has a
height of approximately JO', and the grade cuts through several small hills in this area.
*P3b. Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes.) HP19 (Bridge)
*P4. Resources Present: D Building D Structure D Object ■ Site D District D Element of District D Other (Isolates, etc.)
P5b. Description of Photo (View, date, accession#): Photo# DSC00458: west-facing view of bridge.
*P6. Date Constructed/ Age and
Sources: ■ Historic
□Prehistoric □Both
*P7. Owner and Address:
*PS. Recorded by:
John Goodman, Nick Reseburg,
and Windy Jones
Statistical Research, Inc.
P.O. Box 390
Redlands, CA 92373
*P9. Date Recorded:
April 21, 2006
*PlO. Survey Type: (Describe):
Class Ill archaeological survey to
evaluate areas of transmission line
upgrade and installation of new
line.
*Pll. Report Citation: M. Lerch
and M. Gray, editors; 2006; Cultural Resources Assessment of the Valley-lvyglen Transmission Line Project, Riverside County,
California. SRI Technical report 06-63. Statistical Research, Redlands, California. Submitted to Our Client, SCE, Rosemead, California.
*Attachments:□NONE ■Location
Map■ Sketch Map
D Continuation Sheet
D Building, Structure, and Object Record ■Archaeological
Record
D District Record
D Linear Feature Record □ Milling Station
Record
1. Dimensions: a. Length: I 00 feet EJW b. Width: 90 feet N/S
Method of Measurement: D Paced ■ Taped
DPR 523C (l/95)
RECEIVED IN □Visual estimate ■ Other: GPS SEP 2 8 2006
EiC
D Rock Art Record
D Artifact Record □Photograph Record
*Required information
Primary#: P-
Trinomial: CA-RIV-3832H State of California - The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION
ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD
Page 2 of 5 Resource Name or#: CA-RIV-3832H
Method of Determination: (check any that apply) D Artifacts
D Topography □ Cut bank D Animal burrow
■Features D
Excavation Reliability or Determination: ■ High D Medium D Low
□Soil
D Property boundary
D Vegetation
C Other (Explain):
Limitations (check any that apply): 0 Restricted access D Paved/built over □ Site limits incompletely defined
D Vegetation O Other (Explain):
D
Disturbances Al.
Depth: D Unknown
*AJ. Human Remains:
■None
D Present D Absent D Possible D Unknown (Explain):
*A4. Features (Number, briefly describe, indicate size, list associated cultural constituents, and show location of each feature on sketch
map): Constructed within a drainage that has a width of approximately 43', the remains of the bridge consists of a series of six large
(burnt) support posts or beams aligned in an east-west direction, and each of the post series/rows has six posts; a total of 36 posts
were used for the support posts. Some of the bolloms of the burnt post are covered in (flooding) soil. The post are similar to, or the
same as, treated Douglass Fir telephone posts. The average spacing between the post rows is 14', and the individual posts are
spaced at an average distance of about 4'. Many of the posts have a diameter of from 12" to 14". The row of outer posts (on both
sides)lean inward towards the other vertically set posts at an angle of approximately 60 degrees. Some bent sheet-metal brackets to
secure the posts and associated lumber have a length of 38", a width of 3", and a thickness of 1/4". Allached to some of the posts
are 40"-long rod bolts with a diameter of I", many have square nuts that measure I' on a side, and on some of these rod bolts are
large cast-iron washers with a diameter of 4" and they are embossed with "LEABLE / 33/4 x 4-1/2 /PAT/ May / 10 / 04" (1904).
These washers have a raised central area and raised radiating "spokes" as a design element. Some of the posts also have large wood
screws with a length of 4" and a proximal diameter of I". Toe larger concrete pad on the west bank of the wash was constructed on
the first river terrace, and this pad has a length of 70' and a width of 15'. The smaller pad on the eastern bank, constructed on the
second river terrace, has a length of 50' and a width of IO'. The walls of the pads facing the wash and bridge slant downward
towards the wash at an angle of about 30 degrees. No rails, ties, spikes, or fishplates to secure the rails occur on the raised grade. In
this area on both sides of the burnt bridge the rail bed has a width of 8', and the raised grade of imported gravel (rhyolitic gravel?)
Have a length of 12' and a height of 10'. A modem concrete pad that is cracked and broken from soil washout during flooding is
directly north of the bridge. The modem pad was constructed to help shore the road that is directly north of the bridge. An
alignment of east-west burnt fence posts are to the south of the bridge.
*A6. Were Specimens Collected?
specimens are curated.) ■No □Yes (If yes, attach Artifact Record or catalog and identify where
• A 7. Site Condition: □Good ■Fair D Poor (Describe disturbances.):
• AS. Nearest Water (Type, distance and direction): The bridge is a tributary of Temescal Wash, which is approximately 300 m to the northeast..
• A9. Elevation: 1, 120 feet AMSL
AlO. Environmental Setting (Describe culturally relevant variables such as vegetation, fauna, soils, geology, land fonn, slope, aspect,
exposure, etc.): As mentioned above, the bridge was constructed over a tributary of Temerscal Wash. A riparian corridor of
Couonwood, Sycamore, and Willow trees flanks the wash. Modem 1-10 is close by to the north, and a modem "bone yard" with
pipes and other building supplies is directly to the northeast. In this area the general northwest-southeast-trending railroad
grade curves to the north.
All. Historical loformation: This section of the AT & SF Railroad, constructed between Lake Elsinore and Corona, was in initially
constructed in 1896 to serve the coal and clay mines of the area. The washers on the rod bolts allached to some of the posts have
a manufacture date of 1902, therefore this bridge may date to around this period, or perhaps the older bridge was secured with
washers and bolts in about 1902 or shortly after.
*Al2. Age: □Prehistoric □Protohistoric D 1542-1769 D 1769-1848 D 1848-1880 ■1880-1914 D 1914-1945
D Post-1945 D Undetermined (Desc:ribe position in regional prehistoric chronology or factual historic dates if known):
Al3. Interpretations: (Discuss data potential, function(s), ethnic affiliation, and other interpretations): The remains of the bridge are
fairly primitive, and the use of posts rather than square beams suggests that relatively minimal energy and expenditure was
implemented on this rustic bridge.
A14. Remarks: The bridge appears to have burned in a fire that al some time swept across the entire area.
AlS. Rerereoces: (Documents, informants, maps, and other references):
DPR 523C (1/95) *Required information
State of California - The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION
ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD
Primary#: P-
Trinomial: CA-RIV-3832H
Page 3 of S Resource Name or#: CA-RIV-3832H
A16. Photographs: (List subjects, direction of view, and accession numbers or attach a Photograph Record.): Photo# DSC00458 on the
Primary Record is a west-facing view of bridge. Many additional photographs were taken of the bridge and the associated
hardware and railroad grade.
A17. Form Prepared by: John D. Goodman II Date: June 7, 2006
Affiliation and Address: Statistical Research, Inc., P. 0. Box 390, Redlands, California 92373-0123
DPR 523C (l/95) *Required information
State of California - The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND
RECREATION SKETCH MAP
Page 4 of 5
Drawn By: John D. Goodman II
Cl
Road � Fence
Drainage El Railroad bed � Railroad grade D Concrete 0 •-
Cl
Burnt truss pole/beam
Fence post 0
DPR 523K (1/95)
�
N
meters --
feet
10 -
20
Primary#: Trinomial: CA-RIV-3832H
Resource Name or#: CA-RIV-3832H
Date:April 12,2006
D
*Required information
State of California - The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND
RECREATION LOCATION MAP
Primary#: P-
Trinomial: CA-RJV-3832H
Page 5 of 5 Resource Name or #: CA-RIV-3832H
Map Name: USGS Lake Mathews, CA 7.5-minute Scale: 1:24,000 Date: 1967 (photorevised 1988)
11
( -.. ,
,)
Scale 1:24,000
., , '
r. Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system and grid Projection: Transverse Mercator Datum: North American 1983, Zone 11 N o meters
G�'ro�e�e<ldetlc Reference Sy&em 1980
Base data: 0 feet
750
2,000 1967 Lake Mathews, Ca!Womla, 7.5-mtnute USGS quadrangle (photoreVlsed 1988) 1954 Alberhill, California, 7.5-mlnute USGS quadrangle (photorevlsed 1988) Statistical Research, Inc., Juty 2006
DPR 523J (1/95)
' ,,
*Required information
State of California -The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION
CONTINUATION SHEET
Primary# P-33-003832 (Update)
HRI#
Trinomial CA-RIV-3832H
Page_l_ of..1_
*Resource Name or#: (Assigned by Recorder):
Other Identifier: The Santa Fe Railroad grade through the Temescal Valley
*Recorded by Kristie R. Blevins/Anna M. Hoover *Date 05-01-05 [] Continuation [X] Update
There was no indication of change on the portion of the Santa Fe Rail observed during the current
project. The portion is located to the immediate south ofTemescal Canyon Road where it crosses under
Interstate 15 and extends to the south, directly southwest of El Hennano Road. Portions of the wooden
rail ties were noted as well as broken aqua-colored transformer glass.
The rail line was previously deemed non-significant and is slated for destruction.
See reference for additional information: Hoover, Gillean and Wagner (2005).A Phase !Archaeological
and Paleontological Survey Report for APNs 290-060-007, -017 &-019 and 290-080-012, -014 &-015,
a +32 Acre Property, County of Riverside, California. On file with L&L Environmental, Inc and the
Eastern Information Center, UC-Riverside.
DPR 523L (1/95)
JUL I/Rt:cc,vc D , "' 25 2005EiC
*Required Information
L & L Environmental, Inc.
1269 Pomona Rd. Suite #102
Corona, CA. 92882
Page 2 of 3
PHOTOGRAPHS
Primary#: 33--003832 (Update)
HRI#: ___ _ Trinomial:
CA-RIV-3832H
Resource Name or#: Santa Fe railroad grade through Temescal Valley
Photo 1: Railroad berm, facing SE, 05--01--05
Photo 2: Aqua-colored transformer glass, lying on ground surface, 05--01--05
L & L Environmental, Inc.
1269 Pomona Rd. Suite #102
Corona, CA. 92882
Page 3of3
PHOTOGRAPHS
Primary#: 33-003832 (Update)
HRI#: ____ _ Trinomial:
CA-RIV-3832H
Resource Name or#: Santa Fe railroad grade through Temescal Valley
Photo 3: Railroad berm running N/S, facing NW, 05-01-05
Photo 4: Remnants of a Rail tie, 05-01-05
State of California -The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION
Primary# ______________ _
HRI # _____ -tl-u .,,...p Bff-1,At-P-r-r-E -PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial CA-RIV-3832H
NRHP Status Code .... 6"""'Y'--_______ _
Other Listings ________________________ _
Review Code ___ Reviewer Date
Page _l_of_i_ *Resource Name or#:(Assigned by recorder) _________________ _
Pl. Other Identifier: The Santa Fe Railroad grade through the Temescal Va11ey
*P2.Location: Llil Not for Publication □ Unrestricted *a, County ..,,Ri.:.:·'--'-v""er'""s�id:,a:e'----------
and (P2b and P2c or P2d. Attach a Location Map as necessary.)
*P3a.
*b. USGS 7.5' Quad Alberhill, CA Date 1953, PR 1988 T 4W; R 5S ; SE & SW ¼s of Sec _l_;_fil!_B.M.
c. Address Temescal Canyon Road City Alberhill Z ip _______ _
d.UTM: (Give more than one for large and/or linear resources) Zone .J.1; East end: 459780 mE / 37 33560 mN, West
end: 458750 mE/3734100mN
e.Other Locational Data: (e.g.. parcel#. directions to resource. elevation. etc •• as appropriate)
Take the Indian Truck Trail exit from Interstate 15 and tum right; turn left on Temescal Canyon Road.
Description: (Describe resource and llS major elementS. Include design. materials. condition. altcrallons. size. selling. and boundaries)
This site consists of the remains of the Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe railroad between Lake Elsinore and Corona. Initial
sections were built in 1896 to serve coal and clay mines. Only the segment within the project area was surveyed. All the
railroad features have been removed (i.e., the tracks, ties, signal system) and the roadbed has been severely disturbed in the
eastern portion and obliterated in the western portion of the project area by earth moving activities and erosion.
*P3b. Resource Attributes: (ListauributcSand codes) ...,(�A,..H"-7._..)'-'R�ai=·�1r""o�ad::....,,Grade==----------------------
*P4.Resources Present: □ Building □ Structure □ Object 181 Siu: □ District □ l!lcmcnt of District □ Other (lsolalcs. CIC.)
5a. Photograph or Drawing: (Photo required for buildings. structures, and objects.)
•
PSb. Description of Photo: (Vlew,dala,-ont)_
CA-RIV-3832H ph. View east
of old A, T & SF road cut
*N. Date Constructed/Age and Sources:
Historic
D Prehistoric D Both
Love. Bruce and Tom Tang
1998 Temescal Canyon
*P7, Owner and Address:
Sukut Construction
181
*PS. Recorded by: (Name, affiliation, and address):
Riordan Goodwin
1650 Spruce Street. 5th Floor
Riverside, CA 92507
*P9. Date recorded: �l-0�/2/�0�1 _____ _
*PlO. Survey Type: (Describe) Intensive
* Pll. Report citation: (Cite survey report and other sources or enter "none.") Cultural Resources Assessment, Temescal Canyon
Parcel, Riverside Countv, California
Attachments: None 181Location Map □Sketch Map □Continuation Sheet □Building, Structure, and Object Record
181Archaeological Record □District Record 181Linear Feature Record □Milling Station Record □Rock Art Record □Artifact Record □Photograph Record □Other (List) ------RH-ictd-cP-EE;=.'lIA-v-#-'f""E,._,,D ......... 1--, ...... J.--------
DPR 523A (1/95)
10/22/01 «R:\Suk130\Forms\PRIMARY.wpd»
SEP 2 5 2002
EIC
*Required Information
State of California - The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION
LOCATION MAP
Primary#-----,-------------
�:o:-ia-1 -e....,..il�' .-_-JA�,.:...Jl,-;..·.;....3-g ... �...,,;-.... tl.�H-+----_;__Page _2_ of _4_ *Resource Name or# (Assigned by recorder)CA-RJV-3832H Temescal Valley South Railroad
*Scale: I :24,000
R\SUK130\Graph,cs\Cullural\OPR Location ca-riY-3832h cdr (10/24/01) DPR 523] (1/95) *Required Information
State of California -The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION
Primary# ____________ _
Trinomial CA-RIV-3832H
ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD
Page _3_ of ..L *Resource Name or#: (Assigned by recorder) _________________ _
*Al.Dimensions: a. Length .?miles ( E-W) x b. Width 30' (N-S)
A2.
*A3.
*A4.
*AS.
*A6.
*A7.
*AS.
*A9.
AlO.
All.
Method of Measurement: D Paced D Taped _ 181 Visual estimate D Other: __________ _
Method of Determination (Check any that apply): D Artifacts 181 Features D Soil D Vegetation D Topography
D Cut bank D Animal burrow D Excavation D Property boundary D Other (Explain): __________ _
Reliability of determination: 181 High D Medium D Low Explain:. ________________ _
Limitations (Check any that apply) D Restricted access D Paved/built over D Site limits incompletely defined
D Disturbances D Vegetation D Other: (Explain): _______________________ _
Depth:. _____ D None 181 Unknown Method of Determination: _________________ _
Human Remains: D Present 181 Absent D Possible D Unknown (Explain):
Features (Number, briefly describe, indicate size, list associated cultural constituents, and show location of each feature on sketch map):
This segment of the old Corona to Elsinore Santa Fe line within the project area measures approximately 7 /10 of a mile and
contains few features and artifacts.
Cultural Constituents: (Describe and quantify artifacts, ecofacts, cultural residues, etc., not associated with features):
A few railroad spikes and track fittings.
Were Specimens Collected? 181 No O Yes (If yes, atlach Art,focl Rocord or catalog and ulenllfy w� specimensan: curated.)
Site Condition: D Good D Fair 181 Poor (Describe disturbances):
Nearest Water: (Type, distance, and direction) Artificial lake approximately 250' north
Elevation: 1160' AMSL
Environmental Setting: (Describe culturally relevant variables such as vegetation, fauna, soils, geology, landform, slope, aspect, exposure, etc.):
Historical Information:
This section of the railroad line was added by Santa Fe to Temescal Canyon in 1927 to link Temecula and Riverside. Service
was discontinued and the tracks were removed in the mid-1930s.
*A12. Age: D Prehistoric D Protohistoric D 1542-1769 D 1769-1848 D 1848-1880 D 1880-1914 181 1914-1945
D Post 1945 D Undetermined Describe position in regional prehistoric chronology or factual historic dates if known:
A13. Interpretations (Discuss data potential, function(s), ethnic affiliation, and other interpretations)
Al4. Remarks:
AlS. References (Documents, informants, maps, and other references):
Love, Bruce and Bai Tom Tang (1996) Identification and Evaluation of Historic Properties: TemescaJ Valley Interceptor
Project, Elsinore Valley Municiple Water District, Riverside County, California. Unpublished report on file at UCR, Eastern
Information Center, Riverside , CA 92501
A16. Photographs (List subjects, direction of view, and accession numbers or attach a Photograph Record):
Temescal Canyon project, Disc 2 Fr. 3
Original Media/Negatives Kept at: LSA Associates, 1650 Spruce Street, 5th Floor, Riverside, CA 92507
*A17. Form Prepared By: Riordan Goodwin Date: ....,l""0.:...,/3e!../0"-l"'------Affiliation and Address: LSA Associates, 1650 Spruce Street, 5th Floor, Riverside, CA 92507
DPR 532C (1/95) *Required Information
8/24/99«V :\200 l \Sukl 30\Forms\TC ARCsiteRec. wpd»
State of California -The Resources Agency Primary# ______________ _
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRJ# _____________ _ LINEAR FEATURE RECORD Trinomial CA-RIV-3832H
Page_i_of_4_ *Resource Name or#: (Assigned by recorder), ___________________ _
Ll. Historic and/or Common Name: Old Santa Fe railroad grade through Temescal Valley
L2a. Portion Described: D Entire Resource @ Segment D Point Observation Designation: __________ _
b.Location of point or segment: (Provide UTM coordinates, legal description, and any other useful locational data. Show the area that has been field
inspected on a Location Map)
East end: 459780 mE I 3733560 mN, West end: 458750 mE I 3734100 mN
1..3. Description: (Pescribe construction detail., matmals, and anifacts found at this oegment/point. Provide plans/oec:tiono as appropriate.}
Portion of segment ofrailroad bed between HorsethiefCanyon Road and Indian Truck Trail Road just north of Interstate 15.
L4. Dimensions: (In feet for historic features and meters
for prehistoric features)
a.Top Width...::3:..:::0_' __________ _
b.Bottom Widtb._N"-"-'/A,..._ _________ _
c.Height or Deptb...,N-'-'/-=-A,.__ ________ _
d.Length of Segment -7/10 of a mile
LS. Associated Resources:
L4e. Sketch of Cross Section (include scale) Facing: ____ _
ROAD CUT AND BED
L6. Setting: (Describe natural features, landscape characteristics, slope, etc., as appropriate.)
Former course of Corona to Lake Elsinore Santa Fe railroad line is very slight grade from east to west.
L7. Integrity Consid erations: Integrity is poor; the roadbed has been severely disturbed by earth moving activities and erosion.
L8a. Photograph, Map or Drawing
DPR 523A (1/95)
8/24/99«R:\S uk 130\Forms\ TCLFF. wpd»
L8b. Description of
Photo, Map, or Drawing
(view, scale, etc.)
Scale 1: 12,000
L9. Remarks:
LIO. Form Prepared by:
Ri ordan· Goodwin
1650 Spruce Street
5th Floor
Riverside, CA 92507
Ll 1. Date: I 0/7/01
"'Required Information
State of California--The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION
Primary # ________________ _
HRI# ________________ _ PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial CA-RIV-3832H (update)
NRHP Status Code_�6�Y"-------------
Other Listings ________________________ _
Review Code Reviewer Date
Page_____l_of_ll_ *R esource Name or #: (Assigned by recorder) _________ _
P1 .
*P2 .
Other Identifier: The old Santa Fe Railroad grade through the Temescal Valley
Location: _j___Not for Publication __ Unrestricted *a. County R iverside
and (P2b and P2c or P2d. Attach a Location Map as necessary.)
*b. USGS 7.5' Quad Corona N .• Corona s.. Lake Mathews. Alberhill. Lake Elsinore
Date 1988 (photorevisionl: T .1S_ R 6W, T 1..5. R 6W, T 5S R lli, T 5..5. R -2.N, T 5..5. R -4.N, T §.5. R @;
__ 1/4 of __ 1/4 of Sec (various l; San Bernardino B.M.
c. Address ______________________ City _________ .Zip ______ _
d.UTM: (Give more than one for large and/or linear resources) Zone_ll; 45010 0 mE/ 3 7 4 8 5 0 0 mN
452720 mE/ 374572 0 mN
452940 mE/
456170 mE/
456380 mE/
463520 mE/
465520 mE/
466570 mE/
467250 mE/
3742940 mN
373792 0 mN
3735860 mN
3731780 mN
3729130 mN
3729480 mN
3728900 mN
e.Other Locational Data (e.g., parcel #, directions to resource, elevation, etc., as appropriate):
* P 3 a. Description (Describe resource and its major elements. Include design, materials, condition, alterations, size, setting,
and boundaries): This site consists of the remains of the Atchison. Topeka and Santa
Fe Railroad line between Corona and Lake Elsinore. The tracks. ties. signal
system. and all other features of railroad operations have been removed. and at
various places recent earth-moving activities have disturbed into the railroad
bed itself. At several spots. for example. the railroad bed has been destroyed
during road constructions. However. the old railroad grade as a whole still
remains identifiable. The entire course of the abandoned railroad is depicted in
the USGS quad sheets cited above.
*P3 b. Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes)_�A=H=7�---=R=a=ia;,l=r�o=a=d=-�G=r'"-'-a=d=e�-------------
* P 4. Resources Present: __ Building __ Structure __ Object_i_Site __ District __ Element of District
P5a.
P5b.
*P6.
* P7.
* P8.
*P9.
*P10.
*P11.
Description of Photo: (view, date, accession #)
Date Constructed /Age and Sources:_l_Historic __ Prehistoric __ Both ______________ _
Owner and Address: __ V-'-"'a=-r-=i_,,o'""u..,s"--------------------------------
Recorded by (Name, affiliation, and address): CRM TECH. 126 Barret Road. Riverside. CA 92507
Date Recorded: February 28. 1996
Survey Type: (Describe)_�R....,.e""c""o"'"n,...n,..a,.,1""'· s=s..,a'"'n""c'""e'--------------------------
Report Citation (Cite survey report and other sources, or enter "none."): Bruce Love and Bai Tom Tang;
Identification and Evaluation of Historic Properties: Temescal Valley Intertie
Project. Elsinore Valley Municipal Water District. R iverside County. California.
1995. On file. Eastern Information Center. University of California. Riverside
*Attachments: __ NONE_j_Location Map __ Conlinuation Sheet __ Building, Structure, and Object Record
_j_Archaeological Record __ District Record __ Linear Resource Record __ Milling Station Record __ Rock Art Record
__ Artifact Record __ Photograph Record __ Other (list):
DPR 523A (1/95) R·ecEIVED IN
MARO 4 1996
EiC
*Required information
State of California-• The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RE CREATION
Primary # ________________ _
Trinomial CA-RIV-3832H (update) ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD
Page_2_of __lL *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) _________ _
A 1. Dimensions: a. Length---2.2__ <miles) b. Width___]_Q_ (ft)
Method of Measurement: __ Paced __ Taped-1__Visual estimate -1__0ther: Map measurement
Method of Determination (Check any that apply.): __ Artifacts-1__Features __ Soil __ Vegetation
__ Topography __ Cut bank __ Animal burrow __ Excavation __ Property boundary __ Other (Explain): __
Reliability of Determinatlon:_1__High __ Low __ Explain: __________________ _
Limitations (Check any that apply): __ Restricted access __ Paved/built over __ Site limits incompletely defined
__ Disturbances __ Vegetation __ Other (Explain): ______________________ _
A2. Depth:____ __NonelUnknown Method of Determination: ______________ _
* A3.Human Remains:_Present-1__Absent_Possible _Unknown (Explain): ______________ _
* A4.Features: (Number, briefly describe, indicate size, list associated cultural constituents, and show location of each feature on sketch map.) This 22-rnile-long site contains numerous historic features
associated with railroad construction, most of which have not been surveyed
and/or recorded.
*AS.Cultural Constituents: (Describe and quantify artifacts, ecofacts, cultural residues, etc., not associated with features.} Numerous kinds, e.g. , railroad bed gravel, pieces of old ties, etc.
* A6. Were Specimens Collected? _l_No __ Yes (If yes, attach Artifact Record or catalog and identify where
specimens are curated.)
*A7.Site Condition: __ Good-1__Fair __ Poor (Describe disturbances.}: Construction activities;
public road works; vandalism; other earth-moving activities along the route;
ero ion
*AS.
*A9.
A10.
A11.
Nearest Water (Type, distance, and direction.):
distan es Ternescal Wash along the route at various
Elevation: Ca. 650-1, 400 ft at various points
Environmental Setting: (Describe vegetation, fauna, soils, geology, landform, slope, aspect, exposure, etc.): The
railroad follows the Temescal Valley which is a fault-produced valley with
multiple sag ponds, springs, and wetlands. The native vegetation is chaparral
and some riparian, disturbed in many places by modern constructions of
residential and transportation features. Climate is Mediterranean with hot dry summers and cool wet winters. Soils are sandy loams. clays, and decomposed
ranites.
Historical Information: The southern end of the railroad line, between Lake Elsinore
and Alberhill, was built in 1896 by the California Southern Railroad. a Santa Fe
subsidiary, initially as a spur line to serve the coal and clay enterprises
around Alberhill (Gunther 1984:541; USGS 1901). In 1927, when the Santa Fe Railroad removed its tracks through the troublesome Railroad Canyon, where the
Ternescal Water Company was preparing to build a darn, this spur line was extended
through the Temescal Valley to reconstruct the Santa Fe's connection between
Temecula and Riverside (Hudson 1978:68-69; Brown 1985:90). The Ternescal Valley
route served in this capacity for only a few years, however. In 1935, the Santa
Fe Railroad permanently discontinued its service between Elsinore and Temecula
and removed its tracks there (Hudson 1978:85). Nevertheless, the railroad
between Corona and Lake Elsinore remained in the Santa Fe system until the mid or late 1970s, when it, too, was abandoned (USGS 1953; 1954; 1973; 1982).
• A 1 2. Age:_Prehistoric_Protohistoric_1542-1769_1769-1848_1848-1880_l_ 1880-1914_1914-1945
_Post 1945_Undetermined Describe position in regional prehistoric chronology or factual historic
dates if knows: See Item All, above, for detailed discussion of factual historic dates.
DPR 523C (1/95) *R equired information
State of California--The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD
Primary # _______________ _
Trinomial CA-RIV-3832H (update)
Continued
Page _3__of ----1.L *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) _________ _
A13. Interpretations: (Discuss data potential, function[s], ethnic affiliation, and other interpretations.) The site has
been determined not to be eligible for listing in the National R egister of
His toric Places due to the loss of historic al integrity through removal of
tracks. ties. signal system. and other features of railroad operations {Love and Tang 1995).
A14. Remarks: A portion of the site betwee n A lberhill and Lake Elsinore re ceived
intensive survey during the Ternescal Valley Intertie Pip eline Project in 1995
{Love and Tang 1995).
A15. References: (Documents, informants, maps, and other references.): Brown. James T. { 1985) : Harvest
of the Sun: An Illustrated History of Riverside County; Windsor Publications,
Northridge. Gunther, Jane Davies (1984): Riverside County, California, Place
Names: Their Origins and Their Stories; Rubidoux Printing C omp any, Rive rs ide.
Hudson, Tom (1978): Lake Elsinore Valley: Its Story, 1776-1977; Lake Elsinore
Downtown Business As sociatio n and City of Lake Elsin or e Ce nte nnial, Lake
Elsinore . Lov e, Bruce, and Bai Tom Tang (1995): Ide ntif ication an d Evaluation
of Historic Prop erties: Tem escal Valley Intertie Proje ct, Elsinore Valley
Municipal Water District, Riverside Cou nty, California; on file, Ea stern
Information Center, University of Calif ornia, Riverside. USGS (United States Geological Survey), 1901: Map: Elsinore, California (30', 1:125,000); 1953: Map:
Lake Elsinore, California (7.5". 1:24,000); 1954: Map: Alb erhill, California
(7.5", 1:24,000); 1973: Map: Alberhill. California (7.5', 1:24.000); 1982: Map:
Alberhill. California (7.5', 1:24,000); on file. Map Collection, Tomas Rivera Library, Universi ty of Californ ia, Riv erside.
A 16. Photographs: (List subjects, direction of view, and accession numbers or attach a Photograph Record.): _____ _
OriginalMedia/NegativesKept at: CRM TECH, 126 Barret Road, Riverside, CA 92507
* A 17. Form Prepared by:Bruce Love and Bai Tom Ta ng Date: February 2 8, 19 9 6
Affiliation and Address: CRM TECH, 126 Barret Road, Riverside, CA 92507
DPR 523C (1/95) *Required information
State of California--The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION LOCATION MAP
Primary # _____________ _
HRI# _____________ _
Trinomial CA-RIV-3832H (update}
Page_4_of__lL *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) ___________ _
*Map Name:Santa Ana *Scale:1:250.000
DPR 523J (1/95)
*Date of Map: 1959 <revised in 1979 l
*Required information
State of California--The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION
Primary # ______________ _
HAI# _____________ _ LOCATION MAP Trinomial CA-RIV-3832H (update)
Page __5._of--1.l_ *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) ____________ _
*Map Name:Corona North *Scale: 1 : 2 4 . O o O *Date of Map: 19 6 7 ( photorevi sed in 19 8 Bl
1 SCALE l 24 000
I .,-0 I !lllE =3:==:::i1,.::-.F+3='=!C::::=:EE+---iiil:::::SC:::::IfS-:?-<31==-:::.· tL:i·· ,;:-=-,.""'·· =r-=:s�E::a=a:S:· -=ii'""'· ;;;;;;;:;:::=:�=======:::5==:==:S
DPR 523J (1/95)
tOOO 0 FC'fi E3 I 000 ?000 lOOO
Heavy arrow(s) indicates identifiable sections of the site
*Required information
State of California-· The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION LOCATION MAP
Primary # ______________ _
HAI# _______________ _
Trinomial CA-RIY-3832H (update)
Pa ge_6_of -1.1__ *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) ____________ _
*Map Name: Corona South *Scale:1: 24. 000 *Date of Map: 1967 (photoreyised in 1988 l
LOOC 0 F::.1::a· ·ec
DPR 523J (1/95)
Heavy arrow(s) indicates identifiable sections of the site
* "'"
Cl'l "A I I . I __llii_' O'l(l' I ""!""NOMILS 3 MILS II/ V
*Required information
State of California--The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION LOCATION MAP
Primary # ______________ _
HRI# _______________ _
Trinomial CA-RIV-3832H (update)
Page_7 _of _____lL *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) ____________ _
*Map Name: Corona South *Scale:1: 24. 000 *Date of Map: 1967 (photoreyised in 1988 l
Heavy arrow(s) indicates identifiable sections of the site
DPR 523J (1/95) *Required information
State of California--The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION LOCATION MAP
Primary # _____________ _
HRI # _______________ _
Trinomial CA-RIV-3832H (update)
*Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder)___________ _
*Map Name: Lake Mathews *Scale: 1: 24. 000 *Date of Map: 1967 (photorevised in 19881
1000 0 s-1::::r· .. ,-..1
CPR 523J (1/95)
*
Heavy arrow(s) indicates identifiable sections of the site
*Required information
State of California--The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION
Primary # ______________ _
HAI# _______________ _ LOCATION MAP
Page� of _u__
*Map Name: Alberhill
l&y
ffl RSW
* ,,,,, GN { I ; . I l3Y.t' 0·1e1· 1 •140"MR"tjMII..SII / ' I I/ 1
IOOC 0 FCH H
DPR 523J (1/95)
Trinomial CA-RIV-3832H (update)
*Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) ____________ _
*Scale:1: 24. 000 *Date of Map: 1967 Cphotorevised in 1988 l
l
Heavy arrow(s) indicates identifiable sections of the site
*Required information
State of California--The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION
Primary # _____________ _
HRI# _______________ _ LOCATION MAP
Page�ot_n_
*Map Name: Alberhi 11
DPR 523J (1/95)
Trinomial CA-RIV-3832H (update)
*Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder} ___________ _
*Scale:1: 24. 000 *Date of Map: 1967 (photorevised in 1988 l
RSW
.," ...
Heavy arrow(s) indicates identifiable sections of the site
*
*Required information
State of California-Trie Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI #
LOCATION MAP Trinomial CA-RIV-3832H (update)
Page 11 of 11 "Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder)
*Map Name: Lake Elsinore "Scale: 1:24,000 * Date of Mao: 1953 (photorevised in 1988)
* p '.:•> : :- •• ; R5W ' R4W: ••': ..
cut **' ^
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Heavy arrow(s) indicates identifiable sections of the site
DPR 523J (1/95)'Required information
State of California--The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION CONTINUATION SHEET
Primary #
HAI#
Trinom�I CA-RIV-3832-H
Page_l_of_2_ Resource name or # (Assigned by recorder) 2 O 2 -4
Recorded by Bruce Love *Date 10-25-95 Continuation __ x_Update
2" OD pipe
l+---t--5�'------t 0 12 inches
elevation
I< 11• >I
0
top view
DPR 523L (1/95)
Clay pipe culvert runs under rail-road bed with oement box structure { drawing) on both ends. Total length of culvert under railroad bed Is 26 �
RECE IVED IN
NOV 3 0 1995
EiC
*Required information
State of California-· The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION LOCATION MAP
Primary #
HRI #
Trinomial CA-RIV-3832-H
Page_2_of_2_ *Resource Name or# (Assigned by recorder) 202-4
*Map Name: Alberhill. Lake Elsinore *Scale: 1: 24, 000 *Date of Map: 1954.
both photorevised 1988
1953
DPR 523J (1/95) *Required information
State of California-• The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION CONTINUATION SHEET
Primary #
HAI#
Trinomial CA-RIV-3832-H
Page_l_of_2_ Resource name or # (Assigned by recorder) 2 0 2 -5
Recorded by Bruce Love "Date 10-25-95 Continuation _x_Update
//
bolts rnto venical post
DPR 523L (1/95)
detail of sidesupport, bolts in 3rd and 7th beam
railroad bed -�-t,v'-----+►
2" X 8" planks
wooden culvert under railroad bed, length of culvert-20 feet
bolt into diagonal brace
"Required information
RECEIVED IN
NOV 3 0 1995
EiC
State of Californ ia--The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION LOCATION MAP
Primary #
HRI #
Trinomial CA-RIV-3832-H
Page_2_of_2_ *Resource Name or# (Assigned by recorder)202-5
*Map Name: Alberhill, Lake Elsinore *Scale: 1: 24,000 *Date of Map: 1954, 1953
both photorevised 1988
DPR 523J (1/95) *Required information
HISTORIC SITE RECORD FORM Archaeological Research Unit University of California Riverside, CA 92521
PERMANENT TRINOMIAL: CA-Riv-3832-H SITE NAME: Santa Fe Railway Temporary Designation:
Page _l_ of i
1.County: Riverside2.USGS Quadrangle: Lake Mathews dated 1967, photorevised 1988 3.UTM Coordinates: Zone 11: 457050 mE 3735620 mN(UTMs applies only to newly recorded feature)4.Twp. 5 S Rng. 6 W; SBBM, N 1/2; SE 1/4; NW 1/4; SW 1/4 of Section l(locational information applies only to newly recorded feature)
5.Map Coordinates: 522 11111S 138 n111E 6.Elevation: 1040 ft. (317 m.)7.Location: Railroad construction road sweeps up hillside from just south ofTemescal Canyon Road southwest to subroad bed. Above subroad bed is a deadgrove of trees on a flat-topped hill.
8.Temporal Period: Constructed 1927, dismantled during mid 1980s.9.Site Activity: Town_ Camp _ Homestead_ Road _X_ Trail _ Mines_ Railroad _x_ Grave Yard_ Trash Dump_ Military_ Other _Explain: The Santa Fe Railway built this branch line through Temescal Valley from Corona to Alberhill, connecting with the line at Elsinore.
10.Area: ca. 100 m NE/SW x 3 m NW/SE {328 x 10 ft.)Method of Determination: estimation
11.Depth: none; Method of Determination: estimation
12.Features: Structure __ Dugout __ Fire Hearth __ Cairn __ Rock Alignment_ Trash Dump _ Irrigation _ Trail _ Road _x_ Corral _Burial_ Well_ Spring_ R&R Grade (berm) _x_ Tram (road/way) __Tailings __ Other_ Explain: Newly recorded feature of the site is a truck/wagon road used in railroad construction.
13. Artifacts: Wood (size/type)_ Glass _X_ Metal _X_ Bone_ Ceramic{color)_ Adobe {condition)_ Nails (size/type)_ Cans (size/type)_Ordnance_ Other_ Explain: Aqua glass insulator on flat-topped hill just above railroad subroad bed. Insulator has a beaded edge, interior threads, and is embossed "HEMINGRAY-42/MADE IN U.S.A./7", railroad spike.
14.Disturbance: Animal _ BurningExplain: Erosion in wheel ruts.Vandalism ORV Other _x_
15.Date Recorded: 11 December 1990 16.Recorders: K. Swope, D. Peirce17.Affiliation and Address: Archaeological Research Unit, UC Riverside18.Present Condition: Good_ Fair _x_ Poor_ Explain: Some erosion hasa 1 tered the appearance of the road. The subroad bed of the ra i 1 road alignment has been cut or graded in places. Wooded trestles remain intact. 19.Name and Type of Investigation:Cultural Resources Assessment; UCRARU
#1111
20.Nearest Water: Temescal Wash ca. 100 m. {328 ft.) north.21.Vegetation Co11111unity {site vicinity): Coastal Sage Scrub RECEIVED IN
JAN 2 5 1991
EiC
HISTORIC SITE RECORD FORM, cont'd. Archaeological Research Unit University of California Riverside, CA 92521
PERMANENT TRINOMIAL: CA-Riv-3832-H SITE NAME: Santa Fe Railway Temporary Designation:
Page _l_ of i
22.
23. 25. 27. 29. 30.
32. 33. 34. 35.
Vegetation (on site): California Buckwheat (Eriogonum fasciculatum), oak tree nearby, grasses. Soil: decomposed granite 24. Surrounding Soil: decomposed granite Geology: valley 26. Landform: slopes above wash Slope: ca. 5% 28. Exposure: open Landowner and Address: private Remarks: The railroad alignment was fenced with railroad ties and barbed wire on both sides. The grove of trees is living on southwest side of I-15.In addition to this newly recorded feature of the site, a railroadspur was found from the main Santa Fe line to the Owens-Illinois GlassPlant, site (CA-Riv-4112-H). This spur is discussed in that site record.References: noneSite Accession Number: n/a Photos: 8/W, attached Photo Accession#: UCRARU #1111
Curated at: n/a Taken by: K. Swope On File at: UCRARU
HISTORIC SITE PHOTOGRAPHS
Page ...1.... of ....L
glass insulator
Permanent Trinomial: CA-Riv-3832-H Temporary Designation: USGS Map: Lake Mathews 7.5' Recorders: K. Swope, 0. Peirce
Truck/wagon road used in construction of Santa Fe Railway. View west, toward 1-15. Note dead grove in background.
HISTORIC SITE SKETCH MAP Permanent Trinomial: CA-Riv-3832-H Temporary Designation:
Page ..-4.... of _L
• •
USGS Map: Lake Mathews 7.5' Recorders: K. Swope, D. Peirce
ca. 100 m •
� contour interval ca. 40 ft . • • •re �escq7 /,/.
•• qShTernes cal Canyon •'"'••
HISTORIC SITE LOCATION MAP
Page i of.....§_
Permanent Trinomial: CA-Riv-3832-H Temporary Designation: USGS Map: Lake Mathews 7.5' Recorders: K. Swope, D. Peirce
Adapted from Lake Mathews and Alberhill
�
HISTORIC SITE RECORD FORM Archaeological Research Unit University of California Riverside, CA 92521
PERMANENT TRIHOMIAL: CA-RIV-3832 - H SITE NAME: Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe RR
Page 1 of 2
1, County: Riverside 2.USGS Quad.:Lake Mathews, Calif. 7,5' (1973) 3, UTM Coordinates: Zone 11: mE mH 4, Twp, 45, Rng, 6W: NW 1/4; SW 1/4; NW 1/4; NW 1/4; NE 1/4 of Sec. 27 5.Map Coordinates: --mms --mmE 6. Elevation: 900' 7.Location:Temescal Valley, at the mouth of Olsen Canyon. See below. 8, Tesporal Period: Construction: 1927; abandonment: 193? 9.Site Activity:Town __ Camp __ Homestead __ Road __ Trail Mines __ Railroad _lL Grave Yard __ Trash Dump __ Military_ Other Explain: 10.Area:60' x 22 miles; Method of Determination: Topographic maps 11, Depth: Surface; Method of Determination: 12, Features: Structure Dugout __ Fire Hearth __ Cairn __ Rock
13.
Alignment __ Trash Dump __ Irrigation __ Trail __ Road __ Corral Burial __ Well __ Spring __ R&R Grade (berm) _lL Tram (road/way)_ Tailings __ Other ..JL Explain: The remains (stumps) of a power pole line run parallel to the railroad grade. At this location there is a bridge (trestle) used for the railroad that is intact. This month it was blocked off to prohibit vechicular traffic from going across it. Road was graded around the trestle on the east side of the creek to permit flow of traffic.
Artifacts: Wood (size/type) __ Glass (color) Bone __ Ceramic (color) __ Adobe (condition) cans (size/type) __ Ordnance Other and glass insolators from the power pole line.
_lL Metal (type)_ Nails (size/type) _lL Explain: Railroad spikes
14.Disturbance: Animal __ Burning __ Vandalism ORV Other _lL Explain: Berm is intact here, however, in other areas the railroad rightof-way is being developed, removing evidence of the berm etc.
15.Date Recorded:8 Feb 1990 16.Recorder(s):Daniel F. McCarthy 17, Affiliation and Address: Archaeological Research Unit, UC Riverside 18, Present Condition: Good Fair _lL Poor Explain: Tracks removed. 19, Hearest Water: Tracks run along Temescal Wash. 20.Vegetation Community (site vicinity):Riparian 21, Vegetation (on site): sycamores, willows, black and white sage 22, Soil: Gravel bed 23. Surrounding Soil: Grus 24, Geology: Granitic 25, Landform: Valley 26.Slope:< 3% 27, Exposure: Open 28.Landowner and Address:Private 29, Remarks: Railroad spur line was built around 1927. It ran from Corona through Temescal Canyon to Lake Elsinore, a distance of approximately 22 miles. The tracks were removed sometime prior to 1987 and the right-of-way is shown on the following USGS topographic maps dated prior to 1973 (photorevised): Corona North, Corona South, Lake Mathews, Alberhill, and Elsinore. The railroad tracks do not show on the Lake Mathews, California 7.5' dated 1988.
References:30.31.Bame of Project:Property LocatedMcCarthy.
UCRARU #1039, Cultural Resources Assessment of the Morger in Temescal Canyon, Riverside County, California, D. F.
32.Type of Investigation:33.Site Accession Number:34.Photos:35, Photo Accession#:
Class III inventory Curated at: Taken by: On File at:
ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE LOCATION MAP -H
Page _L of _2_
Jl38 \:
-,
Permanent Trinomial: CA-RIV-3832ft/ Feb 1990 mo. yr.
U. S .G. S. Map: Lake Mathews, Calif. 7. 5'Recorder: Daniel McCarthy
,,,,..
State of California — The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION
PRIMARY RECORD
Other Listings
Review Code
Primary #: P-
HRI#:
Trinomial: CA-
NRHP Status Code:
Reviewer
33-15349
CA-RIV- 8105
Date
Page 1 of 5 * Resource Name or #: SRI-17H
*a. County: Riverside
Pl.Other Identifier: SRI-17H
*P2. Location: • Not for Publication D Unrestricted
and (P2b and P2c or P2d. Attach a Location Map as necessary.)
*b. USGS 7.5' Quad: Lake Elsinore, CA Date: 1953 (photorevised 1988) T. 5S; R. 5W; SW'/< of NW'/4 of Sec. 25; S.B .B.M.
c. Address: City: Zip:
d. UTM: Zone 11; 466356mE / 3729769mN (NAD 83)
e. Other Locational Data: (e.g., parcel #, directions to resource, elevation, etc., as appropriate). This mining site with four linear
trenches in the northwestern area of the site and an abandoned railroad grade in the southeastern area of the site is at the northeastern
beginning of Pierce Street, in the northwestern area of the City of Lake Elsinore. To get to the site travel to the northwestern end
of Collier Avenue, and then turn to the southwest on Pierce Street. Park soon after crossing the water-filled drainage on Pierce
Street, traveling to the southwest. The trenches are to the north of a barbed-wire fence, directly on the north side of Pierce Street,
and the railroad grade is in a field approximately 200' to the southeast of Pierce Street.
*P3a. Description: (Describe resource and its major elements. Include design, materials, condition, alterations, size, setting, and boundaries).
Three of the long southwest-northeast-oriented prospecting trenches run parallel to each other, and a fourth smaller trench runs in a
general north-south direction (this smaller trench is to the east of the three parallel trenches). These trenches have associated soil berms.
The raised railroad grade (a branch line of CA-RIV-3832H) is to the southeast. All of the rails and tiles have been removed from the
grade, but some doghead spikes and fishplates to hold the rail remain along portions of the line.
b. Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes.) AH9 (Mines / quarries / tailings/ Cemetery); AH7 (Roads / trails / railroad grades)
*P4. Resources Present: D Building • Structure D Object • Site D District D Element of District D Other (Isolates, etc.)
P5b. Description of Photo (View, date, accession #): Photo P4190023; north-facing view of the trenchers in thick undergrowth..
*P6. Date Constructed/Age
and Sources:
• Historic
DBoth
DPrehistoric
*P7. Owner and Address:
*P8. Recorded by:
John Goodman, Deborah
Cogan,, and Windy Jones
Statistical Research, Inc.
P.O. Box 390
Redlands, CA 92373
*P9. Date Recorded:
March 23, 2006
*P10. Survey Type:
(Describe):
Class III archaeological
survey to evaluate areas of
transmission line upgrade and
installation of new line.
*P11. Report Citation:
M. Lerch and M. Gray,
editors; 2006; Cultural
Resources Assessment of the
Valley-Ivyglen Transmission
Line Project, Riverside County,
California. SRI Technical report 06-63. Statistical Research, Redlands, California. Submitted to Our Client, SCE, Rosemead, California.
*Attachments:DNONE D Continuation Sheet
• Location Map D Building, Structure, and Object Record
• Sketch Map • Archaeological Record— ,— ,— •— •, , ,O Milling-Stati
DOther(List): ]\J£
D District Record
D Linear Feature Record
ion Record
DPR 523A (1/95)SEP282K!f
EIC
D Rock Art Record
D Artifact Record
D Photograph Record
*Required information
State of California — The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION
ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD
Primary #: P-
Trinomial: CA-
33-15349
CA-RIV- 8105
Page 2 of 5 Resource Name or #: SRI-17H
l.Dimensions:a. Length:520' EAVb. Width: 200' N/S
Method of Measurement: D Paced • Taped D Visual estimate • Other: GPS
Method of Determination: (check any that apply) D Artifacts • Features D Soil D Vegetation
D Topography D Cut bank D Animal burrow D Excavation (D Property boundary D Other (Explain):
Reliability of Determination: • High D Medium D Low
Limitations (check any that apply): D Restricted access D Paved/built over D Site limits incompletely defined
D Disturbances • Vegetation D Other (Explain): (see above)
A2. Depth: • None d Unknown total depth of pits prior to colluvial fill and plant build up)
Method of Determination:
*A3. Human Remains: D Present • Absent D Possible D Unknown (Explain):
*A4. Features: The three long southwest-northeast-oriented trenches and their associated soil berms (Feature 1) are to the north of a
four-strand barbed-wire fence, which is 25' north of Pierce Street. The longest trench (Trench #3), which has the largest associated
soil berm, is the most northern of the three trenches; this trench has a length of 520', a width of 5', and a depth of 3'. The associated
soil berm to the north has a height of 5' and a width of 8'. Directly north of this trench is a dirt road that parallels the trenches.
Trench #2 to the south has a length 375', and it has roughly the same width and depth as Trench #3. This trench has a soil berm to
the north that has a height of 4' and a width of 6'. (See Continuation Sheet for additional information).
*A6. Were Specimens Collected? • No D Yes (If yes, attach Artifact Record or catalog and identify where
specimens are curated.)
*A7. Site Condition: DGood • Fair D Poor (Describe disturbances.):
*A8. Nearest Water (Type, distance and direction): The closest substantial source of water is nearby at the junction of Pierce Street and
Collier Avenue in the Walker Canyon drainage system.
*A9. Elevation: 1,429.646 feet AMSL
AID. Environmental Setting (Describe culturally relevant variables such as vegetation, fauna, soils, geology, land form, slope, aspect,
exposure, etc.): These features are on flat land below a large hill that rises to the north and west within the Pacific Clay property.
These hills have been subjected to extensive mining for clay and other minerals such as coal and perhaps some gold. Limited native
plant taxa occur today in this coastal sage scrub plant community; common plants of the area today include introduced Bromus,
mustard, and others that thrive in disturbed soils.
All. Historical Information: Mining for clay and limited gold has been conducted in this area since the 1880s.
*A12. Age: D Prehistoric D Protohistoric D 1542-1769 D 1769-1848 D 1848-1880 • 1880-1914 D 1914-1945?
D Post-1945 D Undetermined (Describe position in regional prehistoric chronology or factual historic dates if known):
A13. Interpretations: (Discuss data potential, function(s), ethnic affiliation, and other interpretations): These prospecting trenches
were probably excavated to determine the relative value of the minerals (clay deposits?) in the hillside colluvial sands and gravels.
A14. Remarks: Many prospecting pits and trenches are throughout the hills in this area, especially to the east. Pacific Clay does not like
having people walk across this property without having formal authorization.
A1S. References: (Documents, informants, maps, and other references).
A16. Photographs: (List subjects, direction of view, and accession numbers or attach a Photograph Record.): Photo P4190023 is a
north-facing view of the site, with the trenched being mostly covered in thick foliage. Other photographs were also taken of the site
which are at SRI, INc.
A17. Form Prepared by: John D. Goodman II Date: June 7, 2006
Affiliation and Address: Statistical Research, Inc., P. O. Box 390, Redlands, California 92373-0123
DPR 523K (1/95) 'Required information
State of California — The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION
CONTINUATION SHEET
Page 3 of 5
*Recorded by: J. D. Goodman
Primary*:
HRI#:
Trinomial: UPDATE f^A-RlV- 8 1 0 5
*Resource Name or #: SRI- 1 Tff
Date: May 26, 2006
Continued from Archaeological Record (A4. Features):
Trench # 1, the closest trench to the road, has a length of 325', and it roughly has the same width and depth as the two northern trenches.
This trench has an associated soil berm that has a height of 4' and a width of 6'. A small road or perhaps simply a tractor "road" bisects the
three trenches at the eastern end; this ephemeral "road" has a width of 12-1/2'. To the east of the three parallel trenches is a fourth trench
(Trench # 4) that is oriented in a general north-south direction. This trench and associated berm has a length of 49'. The entire hill to the
north has abundant mining features, but the four trenches in this area are much separated from those on the high hills to the north.
The railroad grade to the south is a spur line of the original 1896 Atchison., Topeka, and Santa Fe Railroad constructed between Lake
Elsinore and Corona (see below). The grade has a width of 14' and a height of 1-1/2'. Local gravels were used for construction of the
grade. Numerous doghead spikes and fishplates occur along the grade, but all of the rails and ties have been removed. According to Love
and Tang (1996), this spur line was constructed to serve the coal and clay mines that are in this area. This section of line through Temescal
Canyon was completed in 1927 to link Temecula and Riverside. The line was discontinued not long after it was built, and the rails were
removed in the mid 1930s. Specifically, according to Love and Tang (1996), the line between Lake Elsinore and Alberhill was built in
1896 by the California Southern Railroad, a Santa Fe subsidiary, initially as a spur line to serve the coal and clay industries around
Alberhill. To the north of this site ("SRI 20") is secondary branch spur line called the "Durant Siding" which goes to an abandoned "Clay
Pit" (these place names are on the USGS 7.5 guadrangle of the area.).
DPR 523K (1/95)*Required information
State of California — The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION
SKETCH MAP
Primary #:
Trinomial: CA-
•33-15349
CA-FUV- 8105
Page 4 of 5
Drawn By: John D. Goodman II
Resource Name or #: SRI- 17H
Date: March 23, 2006
\
\\\
A
N
0 meters
leet 100
Site boundary
^^^^ Road
— — — - Dirt road
-* *— Fence
TR am Trench
Berm
Datum
DPR 523K (1/95)*Required information
83 -15949
CA-RIV- BIOS
State of California — The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION
LOCATION MAP
Primary #: P-
Trinomial: CA-
PageSofS
Map Name: USGS Lake Elsinore, CA 7.5-minute
Resource Name or #: SRI - 17H
Scale: 1:24,000
Date: 1953 (photorevised 1988)
Scale 1:24,000
Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system and grid
Projection: Transverse Mercator
Datum: North American 1983, Zone 11N 0 meters
Ellipsoid: Geodetic Reference System 1980
Unit: meter
Base data, ° teet
1953 Lake Elsinore, California, 7.5-minute USGS quadrangle (photorevised 1988)
1954 Alberhill, California, 7.5-minute USGS quadrangle (photorevised 1988)
Statistical Research, Inc., July 2006
DPR 523J( 1/95)*Required information
State of California ¾¾¾¾ The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI #
PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial
NRHP Status Code
Other Listings
Review Code Reviewer Date
Page 1 of 2 *Resource Name or #: SRI-1
P1. Other Identifier:
*P2. Location: Not for Publication Unrestricted *a. County: Riverside
and (P2b and P2c or P2d. Attach a Location Map as necessary.)
*b. USGS 7.5' Quad: Lake Elsinore Date: 1997 T 5S; R 5W; NE ¼ of SE ¼ of Sec 26 ; S.B. B.M.
c. Address: City: Zip:
d. UTM: Zone: 11; 466175 mE/ 3729517 mN (G.P.S.)
e. Other Locational Data: (e.g., parcel #, directions to resource, elevation, etc., as appropriate) Elevation:
The isolate was found in a trench excavated along Pierce Street, between Pierce Street’s intersections with Nichols Road and Baker
Street
*P3a. Description: (Describe resource and its major elements. Include design, materials, condition, alterations, size, setting, and boundaries)
The isolate consists of a single rhyolite biface thinning flake. The flake is 3 cm long. It was recovered from a trench excacvated
along Pierce Street as part of a buried sites testing program. The flake was recovered from between 30 and 60 cm below ground,
corresponding to a layer of redeposited soil. The redeposited soil appears to be local soil that has been disturbed as part of the
construction and maintenance of Pierce Street. The flake was reburied in the trench following analysis.
*P3b. Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) AP 16 Other: isolate
*P4. Resources Present: Building Structure Object Site District Element of District Other (Isolates, etc.)
P5b. Description of Photo: (View,
date, accession #) Detail of ventral
side of flake. 12/30/13. 100_1251
*P6. Date Constructed/Age and
Sources: Historic
Prehistoric Both
*P7. Owner and Address:
City of Lake Elsinore
130 South Main St.
Lake Elsinore, CA 92530
*P8. Recorded by: (Name, affiliation,
and address)
Scott Kremkau
Statistical Research, Inc.
P.O. Box 390
Redlands, CA 92374
*P9. Date Recorded:
12/30/2013
*P10. Survey Type: (Describe)
Buried sites testing
*P11. Report Citation: (Cite survey report and other sources, or enter "none.")
Kremkau, Scott H. and Kenneth M. Becker
2014 Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment of the Reach V Repair Project, Temescal Canyon, Riverside County, California. Technical
Report 13-90. Statistical Research, Inc. Redlands, CA.
*Attachments: NONE Location Map Sketch Map Continuation Sheet Building, Structure, and Object Record
Archaeological Record District Record Linear Feature Record Milling Station Record Rock Art Record
Artifact Record Photograph Record Other (List):
DPR 523A (1/95) *Required information
State of California ¾¾¾¾ The Resources Agency Primary #
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#
LOCATION MAP Trinomial
Page 2 of 2 *Resource Name or #: SRI-1
*Map Name: Lake Elsinore 7.5’ USGS topographic quad *Scale: 24,000 *Date of Map: 1997
DPR 523J (1/95) *Required information