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HomeMy WebLinkAboutPA2020103 - HYDROJN 2019.1995 R:\19\1994\PRELIM\REPORTS\HYDRO\1994 Prelim Hydrostudy.doc PREPARED FOR: PREPARED BY: KWC Engineers 1880 Compton Avenue, Suite 100 Corona, CA 92881 Tel: (951) 734-2130 www.kwcengineers.com RIVERSIDE LEGACY IV NICHOLS ROAD, LLC 1505 Bridgeway, Suite 107 Sausalito, CA 94965 (617) 877-7637 Baker Industrial City of Lake Elsinore, County of Riverside, California P R E L I MIN A RY DRAINAGE REPORT January 2024 Preliminary Drainage Report 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Name Page Number LIST OF TABLES .......................................................................................................... 3 LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................ 3 LIST OF APPENDICES ................................................................................................. 4 Section 1 - Introduction ................................................................................................. 5 1.1 Purpose of Study .......................................................................................... 5 1.2 Project Description ........................................................................................ 5 1.3 Floodplain Mapping ...................................................................................... 6 1.4 Design Criteria .............................................................................................. 6 Section 2 – Hydrologic Data and Model Development .................................................. 7 2.1 Existing Condition Model .............................................................................. 7 2.2 Proposed Condition Model ........................................................................... 8 Section 3 – Unit Hydrograph Analysis Existing and Proposed Conditions .................... 9 3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................... 9 3.2 Approach and Methodology .......................................................................... 9 3.3 On-site Unit Hydrograph Results ................................................................ 11 Section 4 – Hydraulic Analysis .................................................................................... 12 4.1 Onsite Drainage Facilities ........................................................................... 12 4.2 Street Capacity Analysis ............................................................................. 12 4.3 Outlet Analysis ............................................................................................ 12 4.4 Detention Analysis ...................................................................................... 12 Preliminary Drainage Report 3 Section 5 – Debris Basin Analysis ............................................................................... 14 5.1 Design Criteria ............................................................................................ 14 Section 6 – Conclusions .............................................................................................. 15 Section 7 – References ............................................................................................... 16 LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Existing Condition Peak Flow Summary ......................................................... 7 Table 2. Proposed Condition Peak Flow Summary ...................................................... 8 Table 3. Proposed vs Existing Condition Peak Flow Summary .................................... 8 Table 4. Precipitation Depth-Duration-Frequency Summary ......................................... 9 Table 5. Existing Condition Watershed Lag Time Parameters .................................... 10 Table 6. Proposed Condition Watershed Lag Time Parameters ................................. 10 Table 7. Proposed vs Existing Unit Hydrograph Peak Flow Summary ........................ 11 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Vicinity Map Figure 2: Existing Condition Hydrology Key Map Figure 3: Proposed Condition Hydrology Key Map Figure 4: Existing Unit Hydrograph Key Map Figure 5: Proposed Unit Hydrograph Key Map Figure 6: FEMA FIRM Panel Preliminary Drainage Report 4 LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix A: Vicinity Map Appendix B: RCFC Precipitation Data & NRCS Soils Report Appendix C: Existing Condition Hydrology Rational Method & Key Map Appendix D: Proposed Condition Hydrology Rational Method & Key Map Appendix E: FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map Appendix F: Existing Condition Unit Hydrograph & Key Map Appendix G: Proposed Condition Unit Hydrograph & Key Map Appendix H: Storm Drain Hydraulics WSPG Analysis Preliminary Drainage Report 5 Section 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 PURPOSE OF STUDY The purpose of this study is to hydrologically model the project site’s onsite tributary watersheds to determine the existing and proposed peak runoffs. The hydrologic analysis was prepared using the Rational Method as specified in the Riverside County Hydrology Manual. The flows are used to estimate the size of the proposed drainage facilities that support the proposed project development. 1.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION The Baker Industrial project is comprised of 66.23 acres of developed land along Baker Street in the City of Lake Elsinore in Riverside County, California, adjacent to Pierce Street. Appendix A shows a vicinity map of the area illustrating the location of the project. The Baker Industrial project is generally bounded to the northeast by Baker Street. Bounded on the northwest by Pierce Street. To the southeast and southwest of the site, the area is bounded by undeveloped hills. The project site existing conditions is generally flat with some hills coming onto the site along the southern boundary. The existing project gross acreage is 66.23 acres. The site’s drainage area flows from the south and southwest to the north and northeast to the north side of Baker Street. Two new buildings are proposed, building 1 is 206,982 sf and building 2 is 778,423 sf, landscape areas, driveways, and parking lots. The proposed buildings will consist of a warehouse and connected office space with the necessary improvements to facilitate business. The offsite drainage areas will be captured with a flow-by basin and a debris basin routed through storm drain before discharging at their historical locations on the north side of baker street. The onsite drainage areas will be captured by CMP Detention System and treated by MWS Units. Baker Street will be improved on the project frontage. The full width drainage of the street will be captured within the catch basin at the low points of Baker Street. The flows will continue into MWS units within Baker Street. Preliminary Drainage Report 6 1.3 FLOODPLAIN MAPPING The National Flood Insurance Act (1968) established the National Flood Insurance Program, which is based on the minimal requirements for floodplain management and is designed to minimize the flood damage within Other Flood Areas. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) is the agency which administrates the National Flood Insurance Program. Other Flood Areas are defined as areas of 0.2% annual chance flood; areas of 1% annual chance flood with average depths of less than 1 foot or with drainage areas less than 1 square mile; and areas protected by levees from 1% annual chance flood. Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs) were developed to identify areas of flood hazards within a community. According to the Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) catalog, there are FIRMs produced by FEMA for the project site: MAP Number: 06065C2028G MAP Revised: August 28, 2008 FEMA FIRM Panel (Figure 4) is attached in Appendix E shows the floodplain limits and mapped flood zones for the Baker Industrial project area. The project is located within Zone AE, which is an area within the flood hazard areas subject to inundation by the 1% annual chance flood. 1.4 DESIGN CRITERIA The following are design criteria for this project, based on the Riverside County Hydrology Manual. Protection Levels 1. The 100-year flood shall be contained 1’ below the building pads. 2. The 10-year flood shall be contained within the top of curbs. 1) Loss rates are to be determined for the 2- and 5-year events using an AMC I condition, while an AMC II are used for the 10-year event and 100-year event. Preliminary Drainage Report 7 Section 2 HYDROLOGIC DATA AND MODEL DEVELOPMENT 2.1 EXISTING CONDITION MODEL The project site existing condition consists of undeveloped land and characterized by steep topography, generally decreasing in elevation from the south to the north. Several ravines are present which will convey natural drainage across the project site washing towards the north side of Baker Street. The site is comprised of four (4) major drainage areas and four (4) offsite drainage areas to describe the existing drainage conditions. Refer to Existing Condition Hydrology Key Map Figure 2 in Appendix C for locations of the drainage sub-areas and peak flows. Hydrologic calculations to evaluate surface water runoff associated with the 10-year and 100-year storm frequency were performed for the on-site drainage areas. The Riverside County Rational Method Hydrologic calculations (as described in the RCHM) were performed using the CivilDesign Hydrology / Hydraulics computer program package 2005 by Bonadiman and Associates, Inc. Precipitation point values for the 10-year and 100-year durations obtained from Riverside County Flood Control Plate D-4.3, D-4.4, and Plate D-4.6 (see Appendix B). In order to proceed with analysis of the proposed developed condition, it is necessary to first establish the pre-developed peak runoff rates. Table 1 summarizes the data and results for the 10-year and 100-year storm event for on-site and off-site flows. All calculations can be found in Appendix C of the report. Table 1. Existing Condition Peak Flow Summary Drainage Area Area (AC) Q100 (CFS) Q10 (CFS) Q5 (CFS) Q2 (CFS) A 168.50 332.50 197.59 132.10 84.23 B 29.87 77.05 46.47 32.46 21.19 C 24.19 58.01 35.01 24.29 15.83 D 194.30 428.57 258.99 166.04 106.37 2.2 PROPOSED CONDITION MODEL In the proposed condition, the proposed improvements are to add two large industrial/warehouse type buildings, parking area with asphalt pavements, concrete slabs, landscape areas, and improvements to Baker Street. Refer to Appendix B for a preliminary soils report demonstrating soil type and hydrologic group classification. Two new buildings are proposed, building 1 is 206,982 sf and building 2 is 778,423 sf, landscape areas, driveways, and new drainage systems will all drain to Baker Street. Street improvements are proposed for Baker Street. Preliminary Drainage Report 8 The developed condition site consists of four (4) major drainage areas and four (4) offsite drainage areas. The project site runoff will be picked up by a system of gutters and inlets that will discharge through a storm drain system that outlets to Baker Street. The offsite flows will discharge in desilting basins to the south of the property and continue as it does in its current existing conditions through proposed dual 48” storm drains and dual 5x4’ storm drain box. Offsite drainage area will not comingle with onsite flows. Refer to Proposed Condition Hydrology Key Map Figure 3 in Appendix D for locations of the drainage sub-areas and peak flows. Hydrologic calculations were evaluated for surface water runoff associated with the 10- year and 100-year storm frequency. The proposed condition watershed boundaries were delineated using the project’s conceptual grading plan. Hydrologic land cover for the development is considered commercial. Table 2 summarizes the proposed condition 10 and 100-year rational method results. Proposed condition rational method calculations can be found in Appendix D of the report. Table 2. Proposed Condition Peak Flow Summary Drainage Area Area (AC) Q100 (CFS) Q10 (CFS) Q5 (CFS) Q2 (CFS) A 150.09 272.50 154.35 120.18 76.87 B 41.42 105.27 63.26 50.84 34.79 C 39.22 97.19 59.73 48.78 34.26 D 175.52 391.60 237.02 151.53 97.18 Table 3 summarizes the comparison between the Existing Condition and Proposed Condition Hydrology results. Table 3. Existing vs. Proposed Condition Peak Flow Summary Existing Condition Proposed Condition Note Drainage Area Area (Acres) Q100 (CFS) Q10 (CFS) Area (Acres) Q100 (CFS) Q10 (CFS) A 168.50 332.50 197.59 150.09 272.50 154.35 △ Q100 = 60.00 QProposed < QExisting △ Q10 = 43.24 QProposed < QExisting B 29.87 77.05 46.47 41.42 105.27 63.26 △ Q100 = 28.22 QProposed > QExisting △ Q10 = 16.79 QProposed > QExisting C 24.19 58.01 35.01 39.22 97.19 59.73 △ Q100 = 39.18 QProposed > QExisting △ Q10 = 19.72 QProposed > QExisting D 194.30 428.57 258.99 175.52 391.60 237.02 △ Q100 = 36.97 QProposed < QExisting △ Q10 = 21.97 QProposed < QExisting Preliminary Drainage Report 9 Section 3 UNIT HYDROGRAPH ANALYSIS EXISTING AND PROPOSED CONDITIONS 3.1 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this section is to describe the parameters and modeling methodologies used in the development of the unit hydrograph calculations. KWC Engineers has performed a synthetic unit hydrograph analysis for the Baker Industrial project in order to mitigate the expected increase runoff from the site at drainage areas B and C. The difference between the proposed condition and the existing condition storm volumes are used to preliminary estimate to meet the increase runoff criteria. The CivilDesign Unit Hydrograph Analysis version 7.0 computer program was used to perform the calculations. 3.2 APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY Unit hydrograph calculations were performed to determine the 10-year for the 1-hour and 24- hour duration storms in accordance with the procedures of the Riverside County Flood Control and Water Conservation District Hydrology Manual (RCHM). Point precipitations were taken from the Isohyetal maps shown on Plates D-4.1, D-4.4, E-5.5 and E-5.6 of the RCHM (see Appendix B). The centroid of the watershed was used as the location on the Isohyetal maps to determine the point precipitation values. Table 4 summarizes the point precipitations used in this study. Table 4: Precipitation Depth-Duration-Frequency Summary Frequency Duration 1-Hour 24-Hour (in) (in) 2-Year 0.55 1.45 100-Year 2.50 6.00 The CivilDesign software performs an interpolation using the 2-year and 100-year values to determine the intermediate frequencies (5-year and 10-year values). The rainfall-runoff transformation was determined using the s-graph method as outlined in Section E of the RCHM. The RCHM has four S-Graphs (Plates E-4.1 through E-4.4) titled Valley, Foothill, Mountain, and Desert, respectively, to represent the specific runoff characteristics of watersheds. The Valley S-graph was selected as the most appropriate S-graph Preliminary Drainage Report 10 for this study area due to the mild onsite topography. The CivilDesign Unit Hydrograph computer program performs the transformation of S-graph and lag time to unit hydrograph ordinances. Watershed Lag is defined as the elapsed time in hours from the beginning of unit effective rainfall to the instant that the summation hydrograph for the concentration point of an area reaches 50 percent of ultimate discharge. Lag time for the watersheds were calculated using the equation on Plate E-3 of the RCHM. It is calculated from the physical characteristics of a watershed area by the empirical formula: Lag = 24n[(L x Lca )/S(0.5)](0.38) Where: Lag = Lag time in hours n = The visually estimated basin roughness coefficient L = Length of longest watercourse (miles) Lca = Length along longest watercourse, measured upstream to a point opposite the centroid of the area (miles) S = Overall slope of the longest watercourse between headwater and the collection point (feet per mile) Tables 5 and 6 summarizes the watershed lag calculations for the onsite existing and proposed conditions. Table 5: Existing Condition Watershed Lag Time Parameters Drainage Area Area L Lca Elev_Up Elev_Dn S n Lag (ID) (ac) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft/mi) (hr) B 29.90 2,149 1,357 1532.0 1258.0 673.21 0.045 0.133 C 24.20 1,935 1,199 1532.0 1259.0 744.93 0.055 0.146 Table 6: Proposed Condition Watershed Lag Time Parameters Drainage Area Area L Lca Elev_Up Elev_Dn S n Lag (ID) (ac) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft/mi) (hr) B 41.41 3,378 1,788 1532.0 1258.0 428.28 0.029 0.123 C 39.20 2,467 1,557 1532.0 1259.0 584.29 0.039 0.131 Infiltration rates (loss rates) were based on Plate E-6.2 in the RCHM using the runoff index (RI) determined for each soil and land use condition according to Plate E-6.1. Output from the CivilD rational results provided a composite RI value which is used as input. Per the recommendations in the RCHM, Antecedent Soil Moisture Conditions AMC I was used for the 2-year and 5-year storms, and AMC II was used for the 10-year storm. Preliminary Drainage Report 11 3.3 ON-SITE UNIT HYDROGRAPH RESULTS Table 7 presents a comparison between the proposed and existing runoff peak flow rates and volumes at the project outlet point. Table 7: Unit Hydrograph Results for Project Outlet Point Existing Condition Proposed Condition Volume Difference Drainage Area Storm Frequency (yr) Duration (hrs) Peak Flow (cfs) Storm Volume (ac-ft) Peak Flow (cfs) Storm Volume (ac-ft) Proposed – Existing (ac-ft) B 100 1 77.24 3.3 110.14 4.6 1.3 24 20.55 8.5 29.05 13.5 5.0 10 1 46.46 1.9 67.28 2.7 0.8 24 12.20 4.5 14.02 6.3 1.8 C 100 1 58.25 2.6 100.52 4.4 1.8 24 16.53 6.9 28.16 13.7 6.8 10 1 35.74 1.6 62.70 2.7 1.1 24 9.83 3.6 14.01 6.8 3.2 As shown in Table 7, the 100-year 24-hour storm produces the largest difference (proposed minus existing) of 6.80 acre-feet which can be used as an approximate value to size the CMPs. The CMP is proposed to be located on the northern side of the project. The onsite storm drain system will drain to this location using a single pipe outlet. The detention basin will need to be 6 to 8 feet below the ground surface to allow the pipe to outlet at the existing surface elevation. The unit hydrograph maps and calculations for existing and proposed conditions are included in Appendices E and F. Preliminary Drainage Report 12 Section 4 HYDRAULIC ANALYSIS 4.1 ONSITE DRAINAGE FACILITIES Preliminary onsite drainage facilities for the project were calculated utilizing the rational method hydrology program and are presented on the Proposed Condition Hydrology Key Maps. The approximate locations of drainage facilities are intended for conceptual purposes only and will be refined in the design review and final engineering process. Pipe sizes are based on the design criteria presented in Section 1.4. Pipes were designed as reinforced concrete pipe, with a roughness coefficient of 0.013. The proposed onsite storm drain system calculations will be performed in the Final Engineering phase. 4.2 STREET CAPACITY ANALYSIS Preliminary onsite street capacities for the proposed project were calculated by the rational method software. By reviewing street capacity analysis within the rational method, it’s concluded that the street sections are sufficient to provide the level of protection required by Riverside County as previously discussed. Since, the storm drain mainline pipes were sized for the 100-year storm event, the street will only contain local flows until catch basins intercept the 100-year flow. 4.3 OUTLET ANALYSIS The proposed development will outlet at four (4) locations: Drainage Area A will outlet into a proposed two 48-inch CMP, Drainage Area B will outlet into a proposed 48-inch CMP, Area C will outlet into a proposed 36-inch CMP, and Area D will outlet into a proposed two 5x4’ box. The outlet velocity shall be at or below the existing condition or to a non-erosive velocity. 4.4 DETENTION ANALYSIS The developed tributary areas at the most downstream point for each stream within the proposed project were analyzed for both the existing and proposed conditions. The 100-year and 10-year storms, for the 1-hour and 24-hour events were analyzed using the Riverside County Unit Hydrograph Method. The difference in peak flow and volume were compared to determine if and how much mitigation would be necessary. Refer to the tables on the following pages for the results of the Detention Analysis. Unit Refer to Appendix F for the Unit Hydrographs for the Existing Condition and Appendix G for the Unit Hydrographs for the Proposed Condition. The same overall tributary drainage boundary for each stream was used in the Rational Method and Unit Hydrograph Method. Refer to the Unit Hydrograph Method Maps for the area delineation, centroids, length and difference in elevation calculation. Preliminary Drainage Report 13 The project proposes a detention basin for drainage areas B and C . A combination of WQMP and detention basin is proposed. Refer to the Hydrology Maps for locations and details of these basins. Preliminary Drainage Report 14 Section 5 DEBRIS BASIN ANALYSIS 5.1 DESIGN CRITERIA This section determines the debris yield for the undeveloped tributary watershed areas upstream of the development. The corresponding calculated debris yield is then used to determine the size of the debris basin required upstream of the drainage watersheds. Sediment yield must be accounted for when designing drainage facilities to convey runoff from undeveloped (natural) areas. Soil erosion caused by runoff in undeveloped areas increases the amount of sediment yield or load in storm water discharge. In order to accommodate for the increase in discharge volume a debris factor must be accounted for when considering design flows. Basin sizing and calculations will be provided in the final hydrostudy report. Preliminary Drainage Report 15 Section 6 CONCLUSIONS This preliminary drainage study has evaluated the potential effects of runoff on the proposed project. In addition, the report has addressed the methodology used to analyze the existing and proposed conditions, which was based on the Riverside County Hydrology Manual. This section provides a summary discussion that evaluates the potential effects of the proposed project.  The project is 66.23 acres of developed industrial land.  Offsite tributary areas will be captured and moved into their original flow location along the north side of Baker Street.  Baker Street full width improvements will be captured, treated, and discharged to the north side of Baker Street.  Onsite tributary areas will be captured, treated, and discharged to the north side of Baker Street.  Preliminary alignment and pipe sizes of storm drain lines were presented. All storm water runoff will be carried via gutters, catch basins, or onsite storm drain system that will outlet into the north side of Baker Street. The computed 10-year storm event is contained below the top of curb and the computed 100-year storm event is contained within the street right- of-way. Preliminary Drainage Report 16 Section 7 REFERENCES Riverside County Flood Control and Water Conservation District. Hydrology Manual. April 1978 Riverside County Flood Control and Water Conservation District. Increased Runoff Mitigation Workshop. August 24, 1995 State of California – Department of Transportation, Interstate 91 Drainage Plans, December 1, 2008 Appendix A VICINITY MAP Appendix B RCFC PRECIPITATION DATA & NRCS SOILS REPORT SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE 131 Calle Iglesia, Suite 200, San Clemente, CA 92672 (949) 369-6141 www.lgcgeotechnical.com January 31, 2024 Project No. 23160-01 Mr. Trygg Danforth Ecosystem Investment Partners 5550 Newbury Street, Suite B Baltimore, Maryland 21209 Subject: Preliminary Geotechnical Subsurface Evaluation and Recommendations, Proposed Approximate 65‐Acre Industrial Development, Baker Street, Lake Elsinore, California In accordance with your request, LGC Geotechnical, Inc. has performed a preliminary geotechnical subsurface evaluation and recommendations for the proposed approximately 65-acre industrial development located on Baker Street in the City of Lake Elsinore, California. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the existing onsite geotechnical conditions and to confirm that the site can be developed from a geotechnical perspective. This report presents the results of our evaluation and geotechnical analysis and provides a summary of our conclusions and recommendations relative to the proposed development of the site. Should you have any questions regarding this report, please do not hesitate to contact our office. We appreciate this opportunity to be of service. Sincerely, LGC Geotechnical, Inc. Ryan Douglas, GE 3147 Barry Graham, CEG 2749 Project Engineer Project Geologist RLD/BPG/BPP/amm Distribution: (1) Addressee (electronic copy) Project No. 23160‐01 Page i January 31, 2024 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page 1.0 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Purpose and Scope of Services ............................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Project Description ..................................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 Field Evaluation .......................................................................................................................................... 2 1.4 Laboratory Testing ..................................................................................................................................... 3 2.0 GEOTECHNICAL CONDITIONS ............................................................................................................. 5 2.1 Regional Geology ......................................................................................................................................... 5 2.2 Site Specific Geology .................................................................................................................................. 5 2.2.1 Undocumented Artificial Fill (afu)........................................................................................ 5 2.2.2 Topsoil/Colluvium (Qcol) ....................................................................................................... 5 2.2.3 Quaternary Alluvium (Map Symbol: Qal) .......................................................................... 6 2.2.4 Tertiary Silverado Formation (Map Symbol: Tsi) .......................................................... 6 2.3 Geologic Structure....................................................................................................................................... 6 2.4 Groundwater ................................................................................................................................................. 7 2.5 Preliminary Field Infiltration Testing ................................................................................................. 7 2.6 Seismicity and Faulting ............................................................................................................................ 8 2.6.1 Liquefaction and Dynamic Settlement ................................................................................. 9 2.6.2 Lateral Spreading ......................................................................................................................... 9 2.7 Rippability ..................................................................................................................................................... 9 2.8 Oversized Material .................................................................................................................................. 10 2.9 Expansive Soil Characteristics ........................................................................................................... 10 3.0 ENGINEERING ANALYSES .................................................................................................................. 11 3.1 Seismic Parameters for Structural Design .................................................................................... 11 3.2 Soil Shear Strength Parameters ........................................................................................................ 12 3.3 Slope Stability Analyses ........................................................................................................................ 13 3.4 Surficial Stability Analyses .................................................................................................................. 14 4.0 CONCLUSIONS ........................................................................................................................................ 15 5.0 PRELIMINARY RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................................................ 17 5.1 Site Earthwork .......................................................................................................................................... 17 5.1.1 Site Preparation ......................................................................................................................... 17 5.1.2 Remedial Grading ...................................................................................................................... 18 5.1.3 Over-Excavation of Pads and Streets ................................................................................. 19 5.1.4 Temporary Excavations ......................................................................................................... 19 5.1.5 Removal Bottoms and Subgrade Preparation ................................................................ 20 5.1.6 Material for Fill ........................................................................................................................... 20 5.1.7 Fill Placement and Compaction ........................................................................................... 21 5.1.7.1 Oversized Placement ............................................................................................. 22 5.1.8 Trench and Retaining Wall Backfill and Compaction .................................................. 22 Project No. 23160‐01 Page ii January 31, 2024 5.1.9 Preliminary Shrinkage and Bulking .................................................................................. 23 5.2 Slope Stability ............................................................................................................................................ 24 5.2.1 Fill Slopes ..................................................................................................................................... 24 5.2.2 Cut Slopes ..................................................................................................................................... 24 5.2.3 Existing Native Slopes ............................................................................................................. 25 5.2.4 Slope Maintenance Guidelines ............................................................................................. 25 5.3 Preliminary Tieback Anchor Retaining Wall Design for Slope Stability Mitigation ...... 26 5.3.1 Testing of Tieback Anchors ................................................................................................... 26 5.4 Foundation Recommendations .......................................................................................................... 27 5.4.1 Preliminary Foundation Design Parameters ................................................................ 27 5.4.2 Slab Underlayment Guidelines ............................................................................................ 28 5.4.3 Shallow Foundation Maintenance .................................................................................... 28 5.5 Foundation Setback From Slopes ..................................................................................................... 29 5.6 Soil Bearing and Lateral Resistance ................................................................................................ 29 5.7 Lateral Earth Pressures for Retaining Walls ............................................................................... 30 5.8 Preliminary Soil Nail Wall Design Parameters ............................................................................. 32 5.9 Control of Surface Water and Drainage Control .......................................................................... 33 5.10 Preliminary Pavement Sections ........................................................................................................ 33 5.11 Preliminary Portland Cement Concrete Pavement Sections ................................................ 34 5.12 Soil Corrosivity .......................................................................................................................................... 35 5.13 Nonstructural Concrete Flatwork ...................................................................................................... 36 5.14 Subsurface Water Infiltration ............................................................................................................ 36 5.15 Geotechnical Plan Review .................................................................................................................... 37 5.16 Geotechnical Observation and Testing During Construction ................................................. 37 6.0 LIMITATIONS ......................................................................................................................................... 39 Project No. 23160‐01 Page iii January 31, 2024 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS, TABLES, & APPENDICES Figures Figure 1 – Site Location Map (Page 4) Figure 2A – Retaining Wall Backfill Detail (Rear of Text) Figure 2B – Retaining Wall Backfill Detail – 2:1 Backfill (Rear of Text) Tables Table 1 – Summary of Infiltration Testing (Page 7) Table 2 – Structural Seismic Design Parameters (Page 12) Table 3 – Soil Shear Strength Parameters (Page 13) Table 4 – Estimated Shrinkage and Bulking (Page 23) Table 5– Allowable Soil Bearing Pressures (Page 29) Table 6 – Lateral Earth Pressures – Approved Select Sandy Material (Page 31) Table 7 – Preliminary Asphalt Concrete Paving Section Options (Page 34) Table 8 – Preliminary Portland Cement Concrete Pavement Section Options (Page 35) Appendices Appendix A – References Appendix B – Boring Logs, Excavations by Others Appendix C – Laboratory Test Results Appendix D – Slope Stability & Geotechnical Seismic Analysis Appendix E – Infiltration Testing Results Appendix F – General Earthwork and Grading Specifications for Rough Grading Sheets Sheet 1 – Preliminary Geotechnical Map Sheet 2 – Geotechnical Cross Sections Project No. 23160‐01 Page 1 January 31, 2024 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Purpose and Scope of Services This report presents the results of our preliminary geotechnical evaluation for the proposed approximately 65-acre industrial development located along Baker Street in Lake Elsinore, California (Figure 1). The purpose of our study was to provide a preliminary geotechnical evaluation relative to the proposed industrial development. As part of our scope, we have: 1) reviewed available geotechnical background information including in-house regional geologic maps; 2) performed a subsurface geotechnical evaluation in the area of the proposed development; 3) performed laboratory testing of select soil samples obtained during our subsurface evaluation; 4) incorporated field and laboratory data into our analysis; and 5) prepared this preliminary geotechnical summary report presenting our findings, preliminary conclusions and recommendations for the development of the proposed project. The findings, conclusions, and recommendations presented herein should be considered preliminary and will need to be confirmed/updated as part of a future 40-scale grading plan review report. Additional fieldwork and laboratory testing may be required. It should be noted that LGC Geotechnical does not provide environmental consulting services and did not address the environmental conditions of the subject site. 1.2 Project Description The subject property is located on an approximately 65-acre site along the southwest side of Baker Street, in the city of Lake Elsinore, California (Figure 1). Site elevations range from approximately 1,392 in the southwest portion of the site to approximately 1,260 in the northeast portion of the site. The site is mostly undeveloped with one existing structure in the eastern portion of the site. The site is covered by low lying vegetation and manmade (dirt) trails throughout. The proposed development will include grading and construction of two industrial buildings totaling approximately 1,000,000 square feet, associated drive aisles, retaining walls, and parking areas (RGA, 2023). The proposed grading will include cutting into the hillsides on the southwest portion of the site. The proposed cut slopes will be up to approximately 70 feet tall. Proposed slope inclinations will be at 2:1 (horizontal to vertical) inclinations or flatter. Retaining walls are proposed along all sides of the site. One approximately 45-foot-tall retaining wall is proposed along the southwest portion of the site (KWC, 2024). The proposed industrial buildings are anticipated to be at-grade concrete tilt-up structures with estimated maximum column and wall loads of approximately 150 kips and 10 kips per linear foot, respectively. Please note no structural loads were provided to us at the time of this report. The preliminary recommendations given in this report are based upon the provided preliminary grading information and the estimated structural loads as indicated above. We understand that the project plans are currently being developed at this time. LGC Project No. 23160‐01 Page 2 January 31, 2024 Geotechnical should be provided with updated project plans and the actual structural loads when they become available, in order to either confirm or modify the recommendations provided herein. This may include, but is not limited to, additional subsurface field work, laboratory testing, and analysis to provide a design level 40‐scale grading plan review geotechnical report. 1.3 Field Evaluation The field portion of our evaluation included excavation of three large-diameter borings, fourteen small-diameter hollow-stem auger borings, and fourteen exploratory test pits. Three large-diameter, bucket-auger borings (BA-1, BA-1B, and BA-2, ) were excavated on the site by Big Johnny & Pam’s Drilling under subcontract to LGC Geotechnical (Sheet 1). The maximum depth of the bucket-auger borings was approximately 100 feet below existing grade. The bucket- auger borings were excavated to evaluate the geologic structure of the underlying bedrock materials and to obtain samples for laboratory testing. Samples were obtained at select locations for laboratory testing. The large-diameter boreholes were surface logged during excavation and downhole logged by an engineering geologist in order to obtain structural geologic information. Borings were subsequently backfilled with cuttings and tamped. Fourteen exploratory hollow-stem borings (HS-1 through HS-8 and I-1 through I-6) were drilled to depths ranging from approximately 3 to 50 feet below existing grades. An LGC Geotechnical engineer observed the drilling operations, logged the borings, and collected soil samples for laboratory testing. The borings were excavated using a track-mounted CME 75 drill rig equipped with both a 6 and 8-inch-diameter hollow-stem auger. Driven soil samples were collected by means of the Standard Penetration Test (SPT) and Modified California Drive (MCD) sampler generally obtained at 2.5 to 5-foot vertical increments. The MCD is a split-barrel sampler with a tapered cutting tip and lined with a series of 1-inch-tall brass rings. The SPT sampler and MCD sampler were driven using a 140-pound automatic hammer falling 30 inches to advance the sampler a total depth of 18 inches. The raw blow counts for each 6-inch increment of penetration were recorded on the boring logs. Bulk samples were also collected and logged at select depths for laboratory testing. At the completion of drilling, the borings were backfilled with the native soil cuttings and tamped. Some settlement of the backfill soils may occur over time. Fourteen exploratory test pits (TP-1 through TP-14) were excavated utilizing a standard backhoe with a 3-foot bucket in order to estimate removal depths, geologic materials, and obtain samples for laboratory testing. An engineering geologist observed the operation, logged the geotechnical test pits, and collected the soil samples. Subsequent to logging, the test pits were backfilled with native soils and compacted using a compaction wheel. Some settlement of the backfill soils may occur over time. Infiltration testing was performed within five of the borings (I-2 through I-6) at depths ranging from approximately 3 to 12 feet below existing grade. Please note that infiltration test I-1 was abandoned due to groundwater that was encountered at a depth of approximately 11 feet, prior to the design depth of the infiltration test being reached. Test well installation consisted of placing a 3-inch diameter perforated PVC pipe in each excavated borehole and backfilling the Project No. 23160‐01 Page 3 January 31, 2024 annulus with crushed rock including the placement of approximately 2 inches of crushed rock at the bottom of each borehole. Infiltration testing was performed in accordance with guidelines set forth by the County of Riverside (2011). The PVC pipes were removed, and the holes were subsequently backfilled with native soils at the completion of testing. The approximate locations of our borings and test pits are shown on the Preliminary Geotechnical Map (Sheet 1). Boring and test pit logs are presented in Appendix B. 1.4 Laboratory Testing Representative bulk and driven samples were retained for laboratory testing during our field evaluation. Laboratory testing included in-situ moisture content and in-situ dry density, grain size analysis, Atterberg Limits, expansion index, laboratory compaction, consolidation, direct shear, R-value, and corrosion testing. The following is a summary of the laboratory test results.  Dry density of the samples collected ranged from approximately 87 pounds per cubic foot (pcf) to 125 pcf, with an average of 110 pcf. Field moisture contents ranged from approximately 3 percent to 26 percent, with an average of 15 percent.  Five fines content and sieve analysis tests indicated fines content (passing No. 200 sieve) ranging from 27 to 73 percent. According to the Unified Soils Classification System (USCS), the tested samples are classified as “coarse-grained” and “fine-grained” soil.  Five Atterberg Limit (liquid limit and plastic limit) tests were performed. Results indicated Plasticity Index values ranging from 22 to 41.  Two Expansion Index (EI) tests indicated EI values ranging from 71 to 99, corresponding to “Medium” to “High” expansion potential.  Laboratory compaction testing of two bulk samples indicated a maximum dry density ranging from 113.5 to 116.5 pcf with an optimum moisture content ranging from 12.0 to 14.0 percent.  One consolidation test was performed on select samples. The deformation versus vertical stress plot is provided in Appendix C.  Four direct shear tests were performed on select relatively undisturbed and disturbed samples. The plots are provided in Appendix C.  One R-value test performed on a representative bulk sample indicates an R-value of less than 5. The R-value plot is provided in Appendix C.  Corrosion testing indicated soluble sulfate contents less than approximately 0.03 percent, chloride contents ranging from 180 to 220 part per million (ppm), pH values ranging from 6.57 to 7.91 and minimum resistivity values ranging from 735 to 1240 ohm-cm. A summary of the results is presented in Appendix C. The moisture and dry density test results are presented on the boring logs in Appendix B.