HomeMy WebLinkAboutItem No. 25 LEAPS Project FERC Environmental ReviewCity Council Agenda Report
City of Lake Elsinore 130 South Main Street
Lake Elsinore, CA 92530
www.lake-elsinore.org
File Number: ID# 19-103
Agenda Date: 4/9/2019 Status: PassedVersion: 1
File Type: ReportIn Control: City Council / Successor Agency
Agenda Number: 25)
Lake Elsinore Advanced Pumped Storage (LEAPS) Project - Update on Federal Energy
Regulatory Commission's (FERC) Processing of Federal License Application and Discussion of
City's Position as Project Moves Towards Environment Review and Final Consideration by
FERC
This item has been placed on the agenda at the request of the Mayor for the City Council to consider
taking a position relative to the LEAPS Project.
Page 1 City of Lake Elsinore Printed on 5/9/2023
REPORT TO CITY COUNCIL
To:Honorable Mayor andMembers of the City Council
From:Grant Yates, City Manager
Prepared By:Barbara Leibold, City Attorney
Date:April 9,2019
Subject:Lake Elsinore Advanced Pumped Storage (LEAPS) Project–Update
on Federal Energy Regulatory Commission’s(FERC) Processing of
Federal License Application and Discussion of City’s Position as
Project Moves Towards Environment Review and Final Consideration
by FERC
Recommendation
This item has been placed on the Agenda at the request of the Mayor for the City Council to
consider taking a position relative to the LEAPS Project.
Background
The Lake Elsinore Advanced Pumped Storage (LEAPS) Project was originally conceived nearly
25years ago. Because of this long history, and to provide context to the members of the public
for the discussion that follows, the background section of this report is somewhat extensive.
1.Advanced Pumped Storage –the Basics. Advanced pump storage project store energy
in the form of water in an upper reservoir, pumped from another reservoir or lake at a lower
elevation. When electrical demand is high, water is released from the upper reservoir into large,
nearly vertical pipes. The cascading water then moves through turbines, generating electricity
much like a conventional hydropower dam facility.
During periods of low electrical demand (and when energy cost are cheaper), these same
turbines also function as pumps, taking water from the lower reservoir or lake and pumping it to
the upper reservoir,in effect recharging the stored energy. With modern turbines/pumps, the
process is remarkably efficient with the energy generated being around 95% of the energy used
to recharge the upper reservoir.
Approximately 40 advanced pumped storage projectsare operating in the United States. While
peak versus off-peak pricing is a key to their use, advancedstorage projectsalso can improve
grid reliability by filling in when a key generating facility unexpectedly goes offline or during very
heavy peak demand.
Similar to the hydropowerdams that advanced pumpedstorage projectsmimic, these projects
are extremely expensive to build. Cost estimates for the LEAPS project now standsat roughly
$2 billion. Also, because these projectsare generally open loop system utilizing a natural source
Lake Elsinore Advanced Pumped Storage (LEAPS) Project
April 9, 2019
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of water (typically river water in which the lower reservoiris formed by a dam), the environmental
impactsof such projects aresignificant.
2.LEAPS –the Basics
In 2004, the Nevada Hydro Company, along with co-applicant Elsinore Valley Municipal Water
District(EVMWD), filed an application with the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC)
to construct and operate a 500 megawatt advanced pumpedstorage project with the Lake
serving as the “lower reservoir” with the upper reservoir to be constructed in the Cleveland
National Forest. The powerhouse facility, located near Grand and Santa Rosa Drive, is
connected to the “grid” by way of 500 kVtransmission towers traveling primarily through the
Cleveland National Forest, connecting to a proposed substation near Corona Lake to the north
and existing transmission lines near Camp Pendleton to the south.
As this application was reaching the final stages of consideration by FERCin 2011, Nevada
Hydro and EVMWD fell into a serious dispute regarding the scope and timing of construction of
the transmission lines. When EVMWD abruptly withdrew its support as a project co-applicant,
FERC dismissed the application.
However, Nevada Hydro filed the necessary request to continue to study the project and FERC
issued a “preliminary permit” in 2012, giving LEAPS a new application number (Project No.
14227). Five years would pass with only minor activity on the application. In 2017, Nevada
Hydro submitted a formal “notice of intent” to file a license application to FERC, notifying the
City, a number of resource agencies,and other affected stakeholders of its intent to once again
move forward with the application for the LEAPSproject.
Despite objections from both stakeholders and resource agencies, FERC agreed to allow
Nevada Hydro to piggyback on the certain studies and consultations that were conducted as part
of the original application. However, FERC did ultimately order a number of updated studies
requestedby the City and other resource agencies.
Nevada Hydro has been methodically moving forwardin the past 18 months, submitting the
updated studies to FERC and responding the FERC’s requests for additional information. Once
all of the studies or study plans have been completed to FERC’s satisfaction, FERC will issue a
“ready for environmental assessment” noticeandthe project will proceedwith the review and
circulation of an environmental impact statement. Following the completion of that process,
FERC will be poised to decide whether or not to grant the application to construct and operate
the LEAPS.
3.Water for the LEAPS. Following EVMWD’s withdraw from the application process for the
original LEAPS, Nevada Hydro sued EVMWD, alleging breach of their joint venture agreement.
In 2018, EVMWD and Nevada Hydro settled the case with EVMWD agreeing to obtain water for
the LEAPS project and Nevada Hydro essentially paying EVMWD’s cost to secure thatwater.
The water commitment is fora one-time 15,000acre feet installationinto the Lake, with 9,000
acre feet as “stored water” in the Lake and 6,000 acre feet for operations of the LEAPS. (Note
that the Lake’s elevation level increasesby about one-foot for every 3,000 acre feet of water
installed in the Lake.) EVMWD will also secure water to make up for any evaporative loss of this
so-called “pool of water.”
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4.Money for LEAPS. The LEAPS is a privately fundedhydro project. The project’s
proforma showsboth equity funding and borrowing to pay for the massive upfront investment.
However, last year, Nevada Hydro petitioned FERC to have the LEAPS project declared a
“transmission asset” within the statewide electrical “grid.” Such a determination would pave the
way for LEAPSto receive a portion of revenue derived from the “tariff”(that is, a duty or charge)
ultimately paid by the state’s ratepayer as part of the cost of maintaining the grid. The entity that
runs the grid, known as the California Independent System Operator or “CAISO,” objected to the
petition and FERC ultimately ruled that Nevada Hydro’s petition was premature. However,
securing this potentially reliable stream of income for the LEAPS will continue to be a priorityfor
the applicant.
Discussion
To date, the City has submitted two formal responsesto FERC concerning the latest LEAPS
projectapplication. In July 2017,the City (along with many other agencies) urged FERC to not
allow the current LEAPS application to piggyback off of consultation and studies performed over
a decade ago. FERC determined to allow some reliance of the prior application processes,
submitting that “additional studies” could be performed to assess project impacts in which the
prior studies were lacking due to the passage of time.
In December 2017, the City, again with other resource agencies and stakeholders, provideda
comprehensive list of necessary additional studies that should be performed in connection with
FERC’s evaluation of LEAPS. FERC agreedthat some updated studies were necessary,
ordering additional studies regarding seismic hazards, geotechnical, water quality, threatened
andendangered species, fire, visual impacts, traffic and cultural resources.
While the City’sabove-referenced submittals indicate the City’s deep reservations about the
LEAPS project and its impacts on the Lakeand the community, the City has not taken a formal
position with respect to either supporting or opposing the LEAPS project. Nor has the City
Council weighed in on whether the City’s reservations could be sufficiently addressed and
mitigated such that the City would notoppose the project.
As the City Council is acutely aware, there are stakeholders that steadfastly opposeLEAPS.
Notably, City and County residents on the southwestern side of the Lake willsuffer through
extended periodsof noise and traffic impacts during the rather long LEAPS construction process.
Not surprisingly, the most vocal opponents of LEAPS reside here.
On the other hand, Nevada Hydro has consistently argued that the LEAPS will improve the
Lake’s water quality by introducing more dissolved oxygen intothe water and the installation of
an additional 15,000 acre feet of water to the Lake.
There is a concern the LEAPS project has not done enough to demonstrate long-term material
benefits to the Lake and the community to merit the City’s support. While raising the Lake’s
elevation with the addition of 15,000 acre feetshould not be entirely discounted, this one-time
benefit does not align with the burdens placed on the Lake and the community by the LEAPS
project. Impacts to both City and County residents along the Lake’s western shoreline remain
profound.
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Final project studies, proposed mitigation and the license’s operating requirements will be
forthcoming later this yearwhich could potentially impact the City’s positionas to the impacts of
the LEAPS project.The City will continue to have opportunities to participate and comment in
thisevaluationprocess. Because that process is ongoing and as information develops, City staff
believes that engagement with FERC and any related project processes remains crucial.
The following priority concerns have been developed by City staff for consideration:
1.The project should only operate when the Lake’s elevation is at least 1,240 msl (which is
considered the minimum optimal lake level).
2.Project specific water quality mitigation measures are needed that go farther than simply
making minor improvements to Lake water quality as currently offered.
3.Community benefits, including, for example, compensation for property taken in
constructing the project, enhanced recreational opportunities on the Lake, contribution to Lake
operations expenses and regional water quality efforts, strong mitigation measures for
construction related impacts, and resolution of ongoing jurisdictional issue related to the Lake
from the Regional Conservation Authority and California Fish and Wildlife.
As part of the discussion, staff seeks comment and further direction from the City Council
concerning priority concerns.
Fiscal Impact
None.